“…Underlying causes are usually inflammations (Bowers et al, 2009;Morax and Badelon, 2009;Hafidi and Daoudi, 2013), endocrinopathies (Werner, 1969;Morax and Badelon, 2009;Giugni et al, 2013) or neoplastic processes (Chi et al, 2009;Hafidi and Daoudi, 2013;Bouzidi et al, 2015;Vardarli et al, 2016) as well as heredity causes (e.g. brachiocephalic dog breeds) and trauma (Chousterman et al, 2014;Manousaridis et al, 2016).…”