Order–disorder transitions in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

Growth of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) films prepared by base‐inhibited vapor phase polymerization

“…36 According to Wu et al, higher inter-chain stacking order corresponds to films with higher conductivities for PEDOT samples obtained at different VPP temperatures. 33 In this study, interchain stacking of PEDOT chains was investigated by GIXRD.…”

Enhanced properties in chemically polymerized poly(terthiophene) using vapour phase techniques

“…This higher degree of order may be a result of the VPP material being more conjugated with shorter chain lengths, as implied by the Raman spectroscopy. The more highly ordered material is also expected to lead to higher conductivities [19].…”

“…Since the first Raman study of poly(thiophene) films using a 514 nm incident beam [9,10], much effort has been applied to band assignments and the correlation between conductivity and spectra. It has been well established in numerous experimental and theoretical studies [7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] that there is frequency dispersion and intensity variation with conjugation length. This has been justified by several models, with the effective conjugation coordinate model (ECC) generally becoming the most widely accepted [11].…”

Inhomogeneity Effects in Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT: A Tool to Influence Conductivity

“…[5] For ferric salt oxidants, such as Fe(III)PTS, the addition of a weak base such as imidazole can retard polymerization, either by changing the pH of the reaction conditions with a concomitant change in the reduction potential of the Fe(III)/Fe(II) couple, [3] or by coordinating with the Fe(III) oxidant. [9] A weak base that has been used as a PEDOT polymerization mediator is pyridine, which when used in VPP can give film conductivities exceeding 1 000 S Á cm À1 . [6] A great advantage of pyridine is that it is volatile (boiling point 115 8C), allowing its removal simply by heating, thereby initiating polymerization.…”