Ordered mesoporous polymers in situ coated on a stainless steel wire for a highly sensitive solid phase microextraction fibre

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

et al. 2018

Developing novel coating materials for fast and sensitive solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is highly desired but few are achieved. In this work, a new material of metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived hollow carbon nanocubes (HCNCs) was prepared as a fiber coating material for SPME. The HCNC-coated fiber (denoted as HCNCs-F) exhibited a better enrichment performance than solid carbon nanocube (SCNC)-coated fiber (denoted as SCNCs-F) and commercial fibers based on the abundant active sites of the hollow structure, hydrophobic interactions, and π-π interactions. Moreover, because of the reduced mass-transport lengths of the hollow mesoporous structure, the HCNCs-F demonstrated a faster mass transfer compared with the SCNCs-F. The HCNCs-F was used to determine the six hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with wide linear ranges (10-2000 ng L for naphthalene and 5-2000 ng L for the other five analytes), good reproducibility (relative standard deviation < 8.8%), and low detection limits (0.03-0.70 ng L). Finally, the HCNCs-F was successfully applied for the determination of PAHs from the real water samples. It can be concluded from the results that MOF-derived hollow carbon materials are promising candidates for the fast SPME and can be used for practical applications in analytical chemistry.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Hollow Carbon Nanocubes for Fast Solid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

et al. 2018

“…Therefore, it is urgent to find a kind of fiber with thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability, excellent selectivity, and high sensitivity to overcome these problems. In the past two decades, many studies have focused on high-strength metal substrates, such as aluminum wire [ 13 ], silver wire [ 14 ], zinc wire [ 15 ], platinum wire [ 16 ], copper wire [ 17 ], and stainless steel wire [ 18 ], that were modified with different kinds of organic, inorganic, and hybrid coatings, which exhibited good bending properties and chemical and mechanical stabilities. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) has been comprehensively studied and used in various fields due to its chemical and thermal stability, biocompatibility, anti-polluting nature, and high corrosion resistance due to its photoelectrochemical activities [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Titanium Wire Used for the Evaluation of Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Interaction by In-Tube Solid Phase Microextraction

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecules

Evaluation of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic interaction individually between the sorbent and target compounds in sample pretreatment is a big challenge. Herein, a smart titanium substrate with switchable surface wettability was fabricated and selected as the sorbent for the solution. The titanium wires and meshes were fabricated by simple hydrothermal etching and chemical modification so as to construct the superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces. The micro/nano hierarchical structures of the formed TiO2 nanoparticles in situ on the surface of Ti substrates exhibited the switchable surface wettability. After UV irradiation for about 15.5 h, the superhydrophobic substrates became superhydrophilic. The morphologies and element composition of the wires were observed by SEM, EDS, and XRD, and their surface wettabilities were measured using the Ti mesh by contact angle goniometer. The pristine hydrophilic wire, the resulting superhydrophilic wire, superhydrophobic wire, and the UV-irradiated superhydrophilic wire were filled into a stainless tube as the sorbent instead of the sample loop of a six-port valve for on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction. When employed in conjunction with HPLC, four kinds of wires were comparatively applied to extract six estrogens in water samples. The optimal conditions for the preconcentration and separation of target compounds were obtained with a sample volume of 60 mL, an injection rate of 2 mL/min, a desorption time of 2 min, and a mobile phase of acetonile/water (47/53, v/v). The results showed that both the superhydrophilic wire and UV-irradiated wire had the highest extraction efficiency for the polar compounds of estrogens with the enrichment factors in the range of 20–177, while the superhydrophobic wire exhibited the highest extraction efficiency for the non-polar compounds of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). They demonstrated that extraction efficiency was mainly dependent on the surface wettability of the sorbent and the polarity of the target compounds, which was in accordance with the molecular theory of like dissolves like.

“…Currently, most of the commercial SPME fiber coating materials are organic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylate, divinylbenzene, carboxen, carbowax, and their copolymers. , Nevertheless, most of the commercial SPME fibers are made of fused silica and polymer, which are not only costly but also easy to bend and swell in organic solvents. , Therefore, it is urgent to find a kind of fiber with thermal and chemical stability and excellent selectivity and sensitivity to overcome these problems. In the past two decades, many studies have focused on high-strength metal substrate wires such as aluminum, silver, zinc, platinum, titanium, copper, and stainless steel , which exhibit good bending properties and great convenience. At the same time, new coating materials such as polyaniline, carboxylated solid carbon spheres, TiO 2 /CNT, Yb–MOF, [Cu 3 (μ 3‑ O)(μ-OH)(triazolate) 2 ] + , and graphene have been further investigated, which are characterized by high extraction efficiency, good stability, and excellent selectivity and sensitivity. − By contrast, owing to the advantages of well-defined structure, large surface area, and unique properties, inorganic nanostructures are promising candidates for SPME fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Hydrothermally Grown TiO₂@C Core–Shell Nanowire Coating for Highly Sensitive Solid Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

Zheng

Qiu

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Nanostructured materials have great potential for solid phase microextraction (SPME) on account of their tiny size, distinct architectures and superior physical and chemical properties. Herein, a core-shell TiO@C fiber for SPME was successfully fabricated by the simple hydrothermal reaction of a titanium wire and subsequent amorphous carbon coating. The readily hydrothermal procedure afforded in situ synthesis of TiO nanowires on a titanium wire and provided a desirable substrate for further coating of amorphous carbon. Benefiting from the much larger surface area of subsequent TiO and good adsorption property of the amorphous carbon coating, the core-shell TiO@C fiber was utilized for the SPME device for the first time and proved to have better performance in extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In comparison to the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS/divinylbenzene (DVB) fiber for commercial use, the TiO@C fiber obtained gas chromatography responses 3-8 times higher than those obtained by the commercial 100 μm PDMS and 1-9 times higher than those obtained by the 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the low detection limits were obtained in the range of 0.4-7.1 ng L with wider linearity in the range of 10-2000 ng L. Moreover, the fiber was successfully used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Pearl River water, which demonstrated the applicability of the core-shell TiO@C fiber.