Ore-Controlling Factors in the Hg-Sb Province of Southern Tuscany, Italy

Klemm, Dietrich D.; Neumann, Narelle

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70074-3_44

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the MAMD, the genesis of Hg deposits has been associated to the hydrothermal systems present in southern Tuscany during Pliocene-Quaternary, possibly with secondary enrichment during Pleistocene (Tanelli, 1983;Klemm and Neumann, 1984;Brogi and Fabbrini, 2009;Morteani et al, 2011;Gasparrini et al, 2013;Rimondi et al, 2015). Cinnabar was by far the prevalent mineral, while metacinnabar and native Hg were subordinate; accessory As sulfides (realgar and orpiment) were quite common.…”

Section: Overview Of Mining Activity and Contamination Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1948, there were 42 mines in activity and several prospects. The run-of-the-mine had a Hg content of 0.6 to 2% (Klemm and Neumann, 1984;Morteani et al, 2011). The main mines of relevance for the Paglia R. were Abbadia San Salvatore, Siele -Carpine, Case di Paolo -Senna mine -Cerro del Tasca, and Cornacchino (Table 1 and The Hg contamination problems in the Paglia R. basin (Table S1) are mainly related with the presence of mining residues, including calcines (e.g.…”

Section: Overview Of Mining Activity and Contamination Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From point source to diffuse source of contaminants: The example of mercury dispersion in the Paglia River (Central Italy)

Colica

Benvenuti

Chiarantini

et al. 2019

CATENA

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Fluvial sediments of the Paglia River, a tributary of Tiber River (Central Italy), are contaminated by mercury (Hg) as a consequence of past mining activity (1846-1981, with main production 1900-1970) in the Monte Amiata district (the 3rd largest Hg producer worldwide). In this study, we combine a geomorphological analysis with geochemical data to try and understand the influence of fluvial dynamics on the spatial distribution of Hg in fluvial sediments over a 43 km segment of the river. By considering the evolution of the river course between 1883 and 2013, eight different geomorphic units (GUs) were recognised, including the active channel bed (baseflow channel and bar), the floodplain, and five orders of terraces. The distribution of Hg in sediments of these GUs reflects the timing of their formation with respect to evolution of the mining activity. In GUs formed before the main peak of mining activity, or after mine closure, sediments show mean Hg contents comparable to, or slightly higher than, the local background, estimated at 2-6 mg/kg; in GUs formed during the peak production, Hg mean contents are definitely higher (up to 26 mg/kg). The current floodplain also shows high contents (mean 19 mg/kg), because of continuous reworking and transport of older contaminated sediments during major flood events. Therefore, the point contaminant sources represented by mining centres evolved into a diffuse source spread over several tens of kilometres. By combining geochemical data with calculated sediment volumes, we estimate that not less than 63 tonnes of Hg are currently contained in the sediments of the investigated river stretch. Such amount of Hg will probably limit for the near future a full land use along the Paglia-Tiber course.

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Section: Overview Of Mining Activity and Contamination Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Mining Activity and Contamination Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From point source to diffuse source of contaminants: The example of mercury dispersion in the Paglia River (Central Italy)

Colica

Benvenuti

Chiarantini

et al. 2019

CATENA

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“…The Sb-ore bodies were intensively exploited during the first half of the nineteenth century when at least 17 mines were active (Campiglia, Capita, Casal di Pari, Cetine, Macchia-Casella, Manciano, Montauto, Monticchio, Niccioleta, Pereta, Pietrarotonda-Salamagna, Poggio Fuoco, Rosia, San Martino sul Fiora, Selvena, Tafone, Zolfiere; list provided by Morteani et al 2017). The deposition is still ongoing as testified to by the stibnite and metastibnite precipitation observed some years ago at the Pereta and Tafone mines (Dessau, 1952;Klemm & Neumann, 1984), as well as by the Sb-and As-rich geothermal fluids (0.2-1.3 mg/L Sb and 22.5-65.4 mg/L As) and the Sb-rich (75 %) scales in the wells (Morteani et al 2017) and piping (Cappetti et al 1995;Möller et al 2009;Morteani et al 2011) of the Piancastagnaio geothermal field and power plant, respectively.…”

Section: C Sb-mineralization and Disseminated Goldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…banded calcite veins: Hancock et al 1999;Capezzuoli et al 2018;Brogi et al 2021) and jasperoids. Jasperoid formation is often associated with ore development mainly consisting of antimony and gold deposits (Dessau, 1952(Dessau, , 1977Klemm & Neumann, 1984;Bagby & Berger, 1985;Tanelli et al 1991;Cline & Hofstra, 2000;Cline et al 2005;Sillitoe & Brogi, 2021). This is the case for southern Tuscany where jasperoids consist of extensive stratabound volumes (Lattanzi, 1999;Brogi et al 2011;Brogi & Fulignati, 2012;Morteani et al 2017) confined between low-permeability units, developed in correspondence with cataclastic horizons formed during the Neogene-Quaternary extensional evolution of the inner Northern Apennines (Carmignani et al 1994;Brogi et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sb–Au-bearing chalcedonies in hot geothermal systems: insights from the jasperoids of Poggio Peloso (southern Tuscany, Italy)

et al. 2023

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Detailed characterization was performed on the chalcedonies from the jasperoids of the Pietratonda–Poggio Peloso Sb–Au deposit (southern Tuscany, Italy). The main purpose was to retrieve information on the geothermal fluids that formed the chalcedonies and the source of antimony concentrations. Investigations were performed using optical microscopy, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction on both the chalcedonies and the lithotypes cropping out in the area. The results obtained allow the chalcedonies of Pietratonda–Poggio Peloso to be described as a unicum, based on the very high contents of Sb that do not find a comparison in the literature. The textures showed multiple generations of silica that agree well with an environment characterized by multiple injections of mineralizing solutions, bearing variable physicochemical characteristics. The transport likely took place in an alkaline environment, while the acidification of the water may have favoured the precipitation at varying temperatures but not higher than 225 °C. The rocks from which the constituents may have been leached are the hosting carbonates and the surrounding metamorphic rocks. Among the examined rocks, the metamorphic rocks showed the most numerous and significant correspondences with the chalcedonies and were the only ones in which discrete amounts of gold contents were found.

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“…Brogi et al 2010 and references therein]. The anomalous heat flux related to the Pliocene magmatic body, likely caused the emplacement of Hg ore deposits [Tanelli 1983, Klemm andNeumann 1984]. In the recent past, Mt.…”

Section: Geological Setting and Mining Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the gases released from the Acqua Passante and Ermeta wells (Mt. Amiata, central Italy) and possible environmental implications for their closure

Nisi

Vaselli

Tassi

et al. 2014

Annals of Geophysics

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<div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column">The Mt. Amiata volcano (Tuscany, central Italy) hosts the second largest geothermal field of Italy. Its SW and NE sectors are characterized by the presence of several CO2-rich (>95% by vol.) gas discharges. An intense Hg mining activity had taken place from the 19th century up to the end of the ’70s, particularly close to Abbadia San Salvatore, during which two drillings (Acqua Passante and Ermeta) intercepted a CO2-rich gas fertile horizon. The related gases are emitted in the atmosphere since 1938 and 1959, respectively, causing severe concerns for the local air quality. In this work the results of a geochemical and isotopic survey carried out on these gas emissions from March 2009 to January 2014 are presented. CO2 fluxes from both the two wells and soil from an area of about 653,500 m2 located between them were measured. The two wells are emitting up to 15,000, 92 and 8 tons y-1 of CO2, CH4 and H2S, respectively, while the computed soil CO2 output was estimated at 4,311 ton y-1. The spatial distribution of the CO2 soil flux suggests the presence of preferential patterns, indicating sites of higher permeability. Since the local municipality is evaluating the possibility to plug the Ermeta vent, a temporarily closure should first be carried out to test the possible influence of this operation on the diffuse soil degassing of deep-originated CO2 in the surrounding area. This implies that diffuse soil gases should carefully be monitored before proceeding with its definitive closure.</div></div></div>

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Ore-Controlling Factors in the Hg-Sb Province of Southern Tuscany, Italy

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

From point source to diffuse source of contaminants: The example of mercury dispersion in the Paglia River (Central Italy)

From point source to diffuse source of contaminants: The example of mercury dispersion in the Paglia River (Central Italy)

Sb–Au-bearing chalcedonies in hot geothermal systems: insights from the jasperoids of Poggio Peloso (southern Tuscany, Italy)

Origin of the gases released from the Acqua Passante and Ermeta wells (Mt. Amiata, central Italy) and possible environmental implications for their closure

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