is paper analyzes the potential of organic agriculture to meet e ectively the increasing demand for high-quality food, to increase its export potential, and to solve the country's import substitution problems. e article also reveals the importance of digital economy technologies for increasing the sustainability of organic production. Among the most signi cant are cloud computing and large databases that contribute to the development of precision farming, continuous online monitoring of the quality of various stages in technological chains, automation and robotization, etc. Following recommendations of the "Organic Agriculture 3.0" conception, the authors examine the appropriate environmental, economic, social, and institutional factors to elaborate complex development strategies for agriculture in Russia and its regions. A special environmental index is proposed to determine environmentally friendly regions that are mostly suitable for organic production. e authors discuss an economic indicator to assess the potential of unused agricultural land for organic farming. e proportion of unemployed working-age population in rural areas serves as a social indicator for the study. By analyzing these selected indicators, four groups of Russian regions with di erent conditions for developing organic agriculture are identi ed. With respect to varying potentials of the regions and the external institutional context, the authors qualify di erent regional competitive strategies and corresponding product niches. e study also provides guidelines for Russian agrarian and environmental policy to support e ective development of organic production.