Organic Matter Leaching as a Component of Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur Cycles in a Forest, Grassland, and Gleyed Soil

Schoenau, Jeff J.; Bettany, J. R.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100030017x

Cited by 125 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…This might explain the higher content of fulvic acids in harrowed than in grass-covered soils. These organic compounds were probably leached to depth and (i) used by the microbial biomass (Jones et al, 2004), (ii) incorporated in organic compounds such as humic acids and humin, (iii) precipitated as Ca-organic complexes (Schoenau and Bettany, 1988), (iv) adsorbed on mineral surfaces (Kothawala and Moore, 2009). In the case of GCV and CTR, the much smaller rate of soil oxygenation due to the absence of tillage probably reduced decomposition, while the permanent grass cover favoured the absorption of the inorganic N forms derived from SOM mineralisation.…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Management On the Content Of Different C And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen in soil and vine roots in harrowed and grass-covered vineyards

Agnelli

Bol

Trumbore

et al. 2014

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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a b s t r a c tTo examine the effects of vineyard soil management on soil C and N content and quality, we studied harrowed and grass-covered vineyards on a soil developed on plio-pleistocene, marine sediments. A soil naturally covered by grasses adjacent to the vineyards served as control. To reach this goal, we assessed (1) the distribution of C and N and their 13 C and 15 N signatures in different soil organic matter pools, (2) the amount of C and N as live and dead vine fine roots and their 13 C, 15 N and 14 C signatures, and (3) the stocks of C and N forms accumulated at two soil-depth intervals (0-50 and 50-100 cm).Independent of the soil management, the vines increased the total organic C and total N content in the deeper soil horizons because of root turnover and rhizodeposition processes. In the upper horizons, a greater organic matter accumulation was fostered by the presence of the grass cover and the absence of tillage. The grass cover favoured the organic C storage mainly in the form of particulate and highly stabilised organic matter (humic acids and humin), and reduced the soil N content by plant uptake, whereas the harrowing produced a greater abundance of fulvic acids, which were mainly ascribed to oxidative processes enhanced by the soil tillage. In both vineyard soils, decaying vine roots represented an important source of organic C and N, especially in the deepest horizons. Indeed, isotope analyses revealed a more intense degradation of the dead vine roots in the deeper soil portion, where they likely constituted the main substrate for soil microorganisms. In the deepest horizons of the grass-covered vineyard, the greater mean residence time of the decaying vine roots and the lower root production were attributed to the easily available energetic substrates supplied by grass root turnover and rhizodeposition, which were preferentially used by microorganisms. This fact fostered a larger C accumulation in the grass-covered than in the harrowed vineyard.

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Section: Effect Of Soil Management On the Content Of Different C And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen in soil and vine roots in harrowed and grass-covered vineyards

Agnelli

Bol

Trumbore

et al. 2014

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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“…1) was organic. Soluble organic P is an ecologically important fraction because it has higher mobility than PO 4 -P (Schoenau andBettany 1990, Chardon et al 1997) and therefore a potentially larger risk of leaching to surface waters.…”

Section: Soinne H and Peltovuori T Effects Of Freezing On Soil Phosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractability of slurry and fertilizer phosphorus in soil after repeated freezing

Soinne¹,

Peltovuori²

2008

AFSci

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The potential effects of freezing on phosphorus (P) chemistry in Finnish soils are not well known. We studied the effects of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on soil P chemistry in a laboratory incubation experiment with one organic and one mineral surface soil. The soils were incubated at +5°C or at alternating +5/-20°C temperatures for 24 weeks, either without amendment or amended with pig slurry or with commercial compound fertilizer . After incubation, the soils were analyzed for water-soluble reactive and unreactive P, and acid ammonium acetate soluble P (P AAA ). Freezing and thawing of soils during the incubation had no significant effect on any of the water-soluble P fractions or P AAA . The outcome was most likely a consequence of the good P status of the soils, which masked the gentle effects of freezing. According to these results, the time of soil sampling (fall vs. spring) has no effect on P test results on soils with a good P status. Concentrations of soluble P after incubation were roughly twice as high in the slurry treatments than in the fertilizer treatments, demonstrating potentially better long-term availability of slurry P.

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“…Suggested mechanisms for this loss include transport via subsurface flow in the Ae horizon (Xiao et al 1991), higher mobility of organic P compounds along all hydrologic flowpaths (Donald et al 1993;Frossard et al 1989), and greater solubility of inorganic P through interactions with organic acids and metals (Arp and Meyer 1985;Fox 1993;Schnitzer 1969). P enrichment of fulvic and humic acid fractions from Luvisolic subsoils confirms the importance of downward movement (Schoenau and Bettany 1987), whereas downslope movement to lower slope positions along catenary sequences has also been inferred (Huang and Schoenau 1996). In the global context, the Gray Luvisol soil class may have relatively high potential for P loss.…”

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confidence: 96%

Trends in dissolved phosphorus in Gray Luvisol soil profiles after forest harvest

Whitson¹,

Abboud²,

Prepas³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2005. Trends in dissolved phosphorus in Gray Luvisol soil profiles after forest harvest . Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: 89-101. Forest disturbances that increase P export from hillslopes will have negative consequences for site productivity and regional water quality. We studied P behavior in Gray Luvisols to understand the soil profile's influence on P export from typical hillslopes of the Boreal Plain ecozone. We hypothesized that (1) P concentration is highest in upper horizons, (2) solution P is primarily in the dissolved and organic form, and (3) forest harvest will increase solution P concentration. We analyzed the soil solution, with emphasis on P, and determined P sorption properties of key soil horizons. Mean soluble reactive phosphorus concentration decreased with depth, ranging from 64 mg L -1 in the forest floor to 0.01 mg L -1 in the groundwater zone; solution P was mostly orthophosphate. Water soluble phosphorus decreased from 74 ± 9 to 41 ± 9 mg L -1 and extractable phosphorus was reduced in the forest floor only on two of four sampling occasions after harvest. Dissolved organic carbon may indirectly promote orthophosphate dominance in solution by complexing metal cations that would otherwise precipitate metal-P from solution. Gray Luvisols probably export P to soils lower on the hillslope catena, such as those of the Gleysolic and Organic Orders, both commonly associated with wetlands.Key words: Forest soil, phosphorus, orthophosphate, Gray Luvisol, biogeochemistry, sorption Whitson, I. R., Abboud, S., Prepas, E. E. et Chanasyk, D. S. 2005. Progression du phosphore dissous dans les luvisols gris : profil des sols forestiers après leur exploitation. Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: 89-101. Les aménagements forestiers qui accentuent l'exportation de phosphore (P) des pentes voisines auront des répercussions néfastes sur la productivité du site et sur la qualité des eaux locales. Les auteurs ont étudié le comportement du P dans les luvisols gris afin de mieux comprendre l'incidence du profil sur l'exportation de cet élément à partir des pentes typiques dans l'écozone des plaines boréales. Pour cela, ils ont formulé les hypothèses suivantes : (1) la concentration la plus élevée de P se retrouve dans les horizons supérieurs; (2) la solution phosphorée se compose surtout de P dissous et organique; (3) l'exploitation forestière concentre la solution P. Ils ont ensuite analysé la solution de sol en insistant sur le P et établi les propriétés de sorption du P pour les principaux horizons. La concentration moyenne de phosphore soluble réactif diminue avec la profondeur, pour passer de 64 mg par litre dans le sol forestier à 0,01 mg par litre dans la nappe phréatique. La solution P se compose principalement d'orthophosphates. La concentration de phosphore hydrosoluble baisse de 74 ± 9 à 41 ± 9 mg par litre, mais celle de phosphore extractible dans le sol forestier n'a diminué qu'à deux occasions sur quatre lors de l'échantillonnage après récolte du bois. Le carbone organique dissous pourrait entraîner indirectement la domin...

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Organic Matter Leaching as a Component of Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur Cycles in a Forest, Grassland, and Gleyed Soil

Cited by 125 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon and nitrogen in soil and vine roots in harrowed and grass-covered vineyards

Carbon and nitrogen in soil and vine roots in harrowed and grass-covered vineyards

Extractability of slurry and fertilizer phosphorus in soil after repeated freezing

Trends in dissolved phosphorus in Gray Luvisol soil profiles after forest harvest

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