Organic Photodiodes for Biosensor Miniaturization

Abstract

Biosensors have successfully demonstrated the capability to detect multiple pathogens simultaneously at very low levels. Miniaturization of biosensors is essential for use in the field or at the point of care. While microfluidic systems reduce the footprint for biochemical processing devices and electronic components are continually becoming smaller, optical components suitable for integration--such as LEDs and CMOS chips--are generally still too expensive for disposable components. This paper describes the integration of polymer diodes onto a biosensor chip to create a disposable device that includes both the detector and the sensing surface coated with immobilized capture antibody. We performed a chemiluminescence immunoassay on the OPD substrate and measured the results using a hand-held reader attached to a laptop computer. The miniaturized biosensor with the disposable slide including the organic photodiode detected Staphylococcal enterotoxin B at concentrations as low as 0.5 ng/mL.

Organic Photodiodes: The Future of Full Color Detection and Image Sensing

“…This is an attractive methodology for a simple biosensor since no source of photoexcitation is required and the OPD can be operated in "photo voltaic mode" at short circuit (no power consumption). An archetypal example of this modality is the miniaturised biosensor of Wojciechowski et al [ 304 ] This device is composed of a disposable chip containing a classic acceptor-donor bulk heterojunction OPD [P3HT ( B1 ):PC 61 BM ( B7 )] and a sensing surface coated with a chemiluminescent immobilised capture antibody. The biosensor was designed to detect Staphylococcal entertoxin B and could do so reliably down to concentrations as low as a 0.5 ng/mL.…”

Organic Photodetectors in Analytical Applications

“…Wojciechowski et al [46] presented the integration of a solution processed P3HT:PCBM OPD with a disposable biosensor chip that included a microfluidic channel with an immobilized capture antibody for Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB). The OPD monitored the CL from the biotinylated α-SEB capture antibody/SEB/horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated α-SEB antibody (α-SEB-HRP) assay.…”

“…Comparison to detection with a PMT [44][45][46] is also included in Table 2. We note that not all parameters/attributes are included in the Tables as they are not provided in the cited literature.…”

Detection of organic vapours employing droplets having nanoparticles

“…In this direction, the exciting features of the microfluidics and nanotechnology have contributed significantly in the fabrication of simple, economic, portable, and ultrafast diagnostic devices with high-precision sensitivity and stability [2]. The modern sensors exploit the specialties of nanowires [3], nanotubes [4], or thin films [5] composed of functional organic or inorganic materials integrated with various micro or nano electronic devices such as the field effect transistors (FET) [6], electrochemical [7] or photo [8] detectors, surface acoustic wave devices (SAW) [9], AFM cantilevers [10], and the devices with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [11]. For example, the semiconducting inorganic metal oxides like ZnO, In2O3, SnO 2 are widely used to detect organic vapours and gas [12], which requires a high temperature (> 200˚ C) methodology consuming higher power to reduce the cost-effectiveness.…”