Organic Tissue Dissolution in Clodronate and Etidronate Mixtures with Sodium Hypochlorite

Wright, Patricia P.; Scott, Suzanne; Kahler, Bill; Walsh, L. J.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2019.10.020

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Clodronate combined with sodium hypochlorite was found to effective in removing the smear layer [ 161 ]. It appeared to be better than solutions with etidronate at dissolving organic tissue [ 162 ]. However, evidence of its antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy has yet to be reported in the literature.…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Root Canal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges

Wong

Manoil

Näsman

et al. 2021

Front. Oral. Health

115

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The oral cavity is the habitat of several hundreds of microbial taxa that have evolved to coexist in multispecies communities in this unique ecosystem. By contrast, the internal tissue of the tooth, i.e., the dental pulp, is a physiologically sterile connective tissue in which any microbial invasion is a pathological sign. It results in inflammation of the pulp tissue and eventually to pulp death and spread of inflammation/infection to the periradicular tissues. Over the past few decades, substantial emphasis has been placed on understanding the pathobiology of root canal infections, including the microbial composition, biofilm biology and host responses to infections. To develop clinically effective treatment regimens as well as preventive therapies, such extensive understanding is necessary. Rather surprisingly, despite the definitive realization that root canal infections are biofilm mediated, clinical strategies have been focused more on preparing canals to radiographically impeccable levels, while much is left desired on the debridement of these complex root canal systems. Hence, solely focusing on “canal shaping” largely misses the point of endodontic treatment as the current understanding of the microbial aetiopathogenesis of apical periodontitis calls for the emphasis to be placed on “canal cleaning” and chemo-mechanical disinfection. In this review, we dissect in great detail, the current knowledge on the root canal microbiome, both in terms of its composition and functional characteristics. We also describe the challenges in root canal disinfection and the novel strategies that attempt to address this challenge. Finally, we provide some critical pointers for areas of future research, which will serve as an important area for consideration in Frontiers in Oral Health.

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Section: Clinical Implications Of Root Canal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges

Wong

Manoil

Näsman

et al. 2021

Front. Oral. Health

115

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“…This was mentioned in the literature in many studies that explain this greater capacity in dissolving organic material than other endodontic irrigants like CHX. ( Gomes et al, 2013;Khademi, Usefian, & Feizianfard, 2007;Tartari et al, 2016;Tejada et al, 2019;Wright, Scott, Kahler, & Walsh, 2020) The same explanation was mentioned in the study of Maris et al (Maris, 1990) that presented 0.8% soda and NaOCl with 1 degree chlorometric as the most active antiviral agent over coronavirus due to its dissolving capacity.…”

Section: Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigant Over Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 63%

Systematic review of the effect of endodontic irrigants over coronaviruses

Hasna

Bresciani

2021

RSD

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Objective: This systematic review aimed to discuss a possible effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) over the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the new generation of corona virus, which was reported firstly in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Methods: Electronic search was performed for studies up to March 31, 2021 in the following databases: PubMed, LILACS, BBO, Scopus, web of science and Cochrane considering clinical trials and laboratory studies that evaluated the action of NaOCl over SARS-CoV-2. Results: Numerous founded studies reported effectivity of NaOCl in different concentrations and exposure times over corona viruses including the SARS-CoV-2. However, none of the studies evaluated this action in the root canal system. No metanalysis was conducted due to variability of methods or lack of information of included articles. Conclusion: NaOCl has a possible effectivity over SARS-CoV-2 as it dissolves the organic material of virus membrane, but this should be evaluated in the root canal systems.

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“…This is not possible using EDTA since it interacts chemically with NaOCl, consuming the free available chlorine, and rendering the mixture inactive [48]. Recent research has shown the value of certain non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, such as clodronate, for use in continuous chelation, since they do not react with NaOCl, and give stable mixtures with excellent smear layer removal capabilities as well as powerful antimicrobial actions [49,50]. The continuous chelation approach may be able to reduce time and complexity, as well as improve the quality of debridement of the canal by its more potent actions on biofilms and smear layer.…”

Section: Improved Antimicrobial Irrigant Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Approaches to Detect and Treat Biofilms within the Root Canals of Teeth: A Review

Walsh

2020

Antibiotics

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Biofilms located within the root canals of teeth are a unique and pressing concern in dentistry and in medical microbiology. These multispecies biofilms, which include fungi as well as bacteria, form in a protected site with low shear stress and low oxygen tension. Systemic antibiotics are of limited value because of the lack of blood flow of the site, and issues with innate and acquired resistance. Physical disruption using hand or rotary powered instruments does not reach all locations in the root canal system where biofilms are present. Alternative strategies including agitated irrigation fluids, continuous chelation, materials with highly alkaline pH, and antimicrobial nanoparticles are being explored to meet the challenge. Detection and quantification of biofilms using fluorescence-based optical methods could provide an indication of successful biofilm removal and an endpoint for physical and chemical treatments.

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Organic Tissue Dissolution in Clodronate and Etidronate Mixtures with Sodium Hypochlorite

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges

Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges

Systematic review of the effect of endodontic irrigants over coronaviruses

Novel Approaches to Detect and Treat Biofilms within the Root Canals of Teeth: A Review

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