Organic weed management: A review of the current UK farmer perspective

Turner, Royce; Davies, Gareth; Moore, H. C.; Grundy, A. C.; Mead, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2006.01.021

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Moreover, many are convinced that it is inappropriate to assign the responsibility of food safety to produce growers when the majority of outbreaks are connected to processors and handlers. This research supports other findings showing that growers believe that total prevention is impossible (Turner et al 2007;Hanson et al 2004) and we may do more harm trying to achieve it.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Including growers in the “food safety” conversation: enhancing the design and implementation of food safety programming based on farm and marketing needs of fresh fruit and vegetable producers

Parker

Wilson

LeJeune³

et al. 2012

Agric Hum Values

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Experts identified water quality, manure, good handling practices (including personal hygiene and equipment sanitation), and traceability as critical farm problem areas that, if addressed, are likely to decrease risk associated with microbial contamination of fresh produce from all scales of agriculture. However, the diverse nature of production strategies used by produce farmers presents multiple options for addressing foodborne illness issues while simultaneously creating potential complications. We use a mental models methodology to enhance our understanding of the underlying factors and assumptions of small, medium, and large produce growers that influence their decision-making processes for contamination prevention and control. This empirical evidence demonstrates how challenges and opportunities to food safety are related to the scale of production and marketing strategies. We believe that refining the development of standards and existing extension and outreach food safety programs are important to both consumer protection and supporting agricultural communities. Additionally, this approach will help develop and refine food safety programs that will result in empirically grounded recommendations based on identified grower information needs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Including growers in the “food safety” conversation: enhancing the design and implementation of food safety programming based on farm and marketing needs of fresh fruit and vegetable producers

Parker

Wilson

LeJeune³

et al. 2012

Agric Hum Values

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“…Perennial weeds pose considerable threat to crop productivity in organic cropping (Alrøe and Halberg, 2008;Turner et al, 2007). Crop yield and quality can be severely reduced by vigorous growth of perennials (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summer-fallowing is effective against the majority of perennial weed species but farm income is strongly challenged unless the fallow is applied on small areas (Donald, 1990;Turner et al, 2007;Vanhala et al, 2006). Postharvest cultivation strategies against E. repens can be effective (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct control of perennial weeds between crops – Implications for organic farming

Melander¹,

Holst²,

Rasmussen³

et al. 2012

Crop Protection

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a b s t r a c tPerennial weeds can be a major constraint to organic crop production and direct control actions applied between crops can then be necessary to reduce the problems. We conducted two experiments, one on a sandy loam and one on a sandy soil in Denmark, with the aim of studying the efficacy of different implement types and strategies. The treatments were employed against mixed stands of perennials after harvest of spring barley in two consecutive years. Time of treatment, cultivation depth and combinations of implements constituted the strategies. Treatment effects were evaluated in the growing season that followed the post-harvest treatments. In the one experiment, repeated tine cultivation caused an 80 e90% annual reduction of the population of mainly Cirsium arvense. With treatments conducted in two consecutive years, the accumulated effects reached 99% control. In the second experiment, power take-off driven implements with rotating weeding devices demonstrated similar control efficacies against a mixed stand composing C. arvense, Tussilago farfara, Elytrigia repens and Artemisia vulgaris. One pass was conducted a week after barley harvest followed by another pass 3 weeks later and ending the strategy with mouldboard ploughing in the succeeding spring. Grain yields did not differ among the treatments in the two experiments as a result of the generally high effectiveness exerted by the control strategies. Especially post-harvest control strategies based on rotating weed devices and mouldboard ploughing appear to be effective solutions against mixed stands of perennials on sandy soils but they do not comply with optimal nutrient management in organic cropping. Therefore, intensive autumn cultivation is only relevant where a perennial weed problem is uncontrollable by other means.

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“…Crop productivity in organic cropping systems is particularly constrained by nutrient deficiency and weeds, especially arising from infestations with perennial weeds (Turner et al, 2007;Alrøe and Halberg, 2008;Salonen et al, 2011). Normally, expedient sequencing of crops in crop rotations with the inclusion of perennial forage crops that are suitable for mowing facilitate the management of weed populations (Ominski et al, 1999;Schwarz and Moll, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incompatibility between fertility building measures and the management of perennial weeds in organic cropping systems

Melander

Rasmussen

Olesen

2016

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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A B S T R A C TFertility building measures are important components in improving the productivity of organic cropping systems without livestock. However, some measures seem to be incompatible with the control of perennial weeds that can have adverse effects such as significant weed competition. The influence of fertility building measures (N 2 -fixing crops in the crop sequence, cover crops and manuring) and the abundance of perennial weeds were studied in a long-term crop rotation experiment at two locations in Denmark. The aim was to gain insight into the factors that influence the growth of perennial weed species occurring in mixed stands. Data were obtained from three cycles of four-year arable crop rotations comprising various cash crops in rotations with and without annual whole-year grass-clover as green manure and subjected to four treatment combinations: with and without animal manure and with and without cover crops. Severe outbreaks of perennial weed problems did not occur at the location that had the highest soil fertility, whereas the other site demonstrated dynamic growth of Cirsium arvense and Elytrigia repens. Grain legumes tended to promote the growth of C. arvense, while manuring was neutral to C. arvense but beneficial to E. repens. Cover crops assisted the growth of E. repens since prolonged mechanical interventions were not possible. Compatibility was only achieved with grass-clover and C. arvense, meaning that green manure crops suitable for cutting and mulching could offer an important management option against C. arvense but not against E. repens.

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Organic weed management: A review of the current UK farmer perspective

Cited by 70 publications

References 3 publications

Including growers in the “food safety” conversation: enhancing the design and implementation of food safety programming based on farm and marketing needs of fresh fruit and vegetable producers

Including growers in the “food safety” conversation: enhancing the design and implementation of food safety programming based on farm and marketing needs of fresh fruit and vegetable producers

Direct control of perennial weeds between crops – Implications for organic farming

Incompatibility between fertility building measures and the management of perennial weeds in organic cropping systems

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