Organically derived exosomes as carriers of anticancer drugs and imaging agents for cancer treatment

Srivastava, Akhil; Rathore, Shipra; Munshi, Anupama; Ramesh, Rajagopal

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.020

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…As “natural nanoparticles” produced by plants, microbes, or the body’s cells, exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that differ from other larger types of EVs in their size as well as their biogenesis pathways ( Srivastava et al, 2022 ). Exosomes, the largest subtype of EVs from endosomes, are typically in the 40–160 nm (average-100 nm) diameter range ( Kalluri and LeBleu, 2020 ).…”

Section: Knowledge In Composition and Secretion Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), originating from the mucosal epithelial cells of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, is a lethal malignancy of the head and neck. Patients with advanced and recurrent HNSCC have poor outcomes due to limited therapeutic options. Exosomes have active roles in the pathophysiology of tumors and are suggested as a potential therapeutic target of HNSCC. Exosomes in HNSCC have been intensively studied for disease activity, tumor staging, immunosuppression, and therapeutic monitoring. In this review, the biological mechanisms and the recent clinical application of exosomes are highlighted to reveal the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNSCC.

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Section: Knowledge In Composition and Secretion Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…Synergistic nanovesicles as a drug carrier could deliver anti-tumor drugs in a targeted manner, such as liposomes. Although liposomes have been applied in clinic trials by better compatibility and modifications, poor targeting, unstable morphology, immunogenicity, and their inability to cross the biological barrier have limited their therapeutic efficacy [34]. Recently, exosomes naturally released by different cells as drug carrier have become an alternative strategy by overcoming the abovementioned shortcomings of liposomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PD-1 Cellular Nanovesicles Carrying Gemcitabine to Inhibit the Proliferation of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell

Zha

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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PD-1 inhibitor Keytruda combined with chemotherapy for Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been approved for FDA, successfully representing the combination therapy of immunotherapy and chemotherapy for the first time in 2020. However, PD-L1 inhibitor Tecentriq combined with albumin paclitaxel using the similar strategy failed to achieve the expected effect. Therefore, it is still necessary to explore new effective immunotherapy and chemotherapy-based combined strategies. We developed a cell membrane-derived programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1) nanovesicle to encapsulate low-dose gemcitabine (PD-1&GEM NVs) to study the effect on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. We found that engineered PD-1&GEM NVs could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer, which interacted with PD-L1 in triple-negative breast cancer to disrupt the PD-L1/PD-1 immune inhibitory axis and promoted cancer cell apoptosis. Moreover, PD-1&GEM NVs had better tumor targeting ability for PD-L1 highly-expressed TNBC cells, contributing to increasing the drug effectiveness and reducing toxicity. Importantly, gemcitabine-encapsulated PD-1 NVs exerted stronger effects on promoting apoptosis of tumor cells, increasing infiltrated CD8+ T cell activation, delaying the tumor growth and prolonging the survival of tumor-bearing mice than PD-1 NVs or gemcitabine alone. Thus, our study highlighted the power of combined low-dose gemcitabine and PD-1 in the nanovesicles as treatment to treat triple-negative breast cancer.

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“…Due to the unpredictable toxicity and poor scalability of nanocarriers in the human body ( 104 ), other advanced drug carriers have gradually attracted attention, such as hydrogels ( 105 ), exosomes ( 106 ), and enucleated cells ( 107 ). A Melittin-Rada32 hybrid peptide hydrogel loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) was designed to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment in the treatment of melanoma, which specifically consumes M2 TAMs and increases activated CTL infiltration ( 108 ).…”

Section: Modulation Of Tams To Elevate Anti-pd-1/pd-l1 Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor-Associated Macrophages Regulate PD-1/PD-L1 Immunosuppression

2022

Front. Immunol.

131

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Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or anti-PD-ligand (L) 1 drugs, as classic immune checkpoint inhibitors, are considered promising treatment strategies for tumors. In clinical practice, some cancer patients experience drug resistance and disease progression in the process of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play key roles in regulating PD-1/PD-L1 immunosuppression by inhibiting the recruitment and function of T cells through cytokines, superficial immune checkpoint ligands, and exosomes. There are several therapies available to recover the anticancer efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors by targeting TAMs, including the inhibition of TAM differentiation and re-education of TAM activation. In this review, we will summarize the roles and mechanisms of TAMs in PD-1/PD-L1 blocker resistance. Furthermore, we will discuss the therapies that were designed to deplete TAMs, re-educate TAMs, and intervene with chemokines secreted by TAMs and exosomes from M1 macrophages, providing more potential options to improve the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

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Organically derived exosomes as carriers of anticancer drugs and imaging agents for cancer treatment

Cited by 51 publications

References 211 publications

Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Exosomes: Potential Biomarkers and Functions in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

PD-1 Cellular Nanovesicles Carrying Gemcitabine to Inhibit the Proliferation of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell

Tumor-Associated Macrophages Regulate PD-1/PD-L1 Immunosuppression

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