Organo-montmorillonite as substitute of carbon black in natural rubber compounds

Arroyo, Μ.; López–Manchado, Miguel A.; Herrero, Berta

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00090-9

Cited by 648 publications

(443 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In fact, the reinforcing effect of these nanoclay particles with very high aspect ratio was more noticeable at high elongations when they were perfectly dispersed [28] and, due to the applied tension, oriented in direction of the applied forces in the matrix [22]. All nanocomposites exhibit higher elongation at break then unfilled NR/OMMT-0 compound; this improvement may be attributed partially to the plasticizing effect of surfactants that are located at the clay-rubber interface [34].…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Studied Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The difference between maximum and minimum torque values ΔM = M H -M L , which is assumed to be indirectly related to the crosslinking density [28], is slightly higher for OMMTcontaining composites in comparison with unfilled ones. Nevertheless, according to the ΔM values, the highest degree of crosslinking is reached in carbon black filled NR compounds that contain 60 phr carbon black.…”

Section: Vulcanization Characteristics Of the Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and properties of natural rubber/organo-montmorillonite: from lab samples to bulk material

Ivanoska-Dacikj

Bogoeva‐Gaceva

Bužarovska

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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Focusing on application aspects of the rubber nanocomposites and the production and testing of industrial-sized samples, this study was performed in two phases. First, natural rubber (NR)/organomontmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites containing 2-14 phr OMMT were prepared on a laboratorysized two-roll mill. The vulcanization behavior and mechanical properties of NR/OMMT composites were compared with a referent NR compound containing 60 phr carbon black (N330) as a reinforcing filler. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed a predominant intercalated structure for all OMMT nanocomposites. As a result, the organoclay behaved as an effective reinforcement for NR, even at loadings as low as 2 phr. This nanocomposite exhibited an improvement in tensile strength of 29% and in elongation at break of 61% in comparison with the referent NR/N330 compound. With the estimated optimal filler content, in the second phase, bulk NR/OMMT-5/steel samples were successfully produced for dynamic testing. The dynamic moduli were investigated by the method of forced vibrations. Compared to the NR/N 330 samples, NR/OMMT-5 samples showed improved hysteresis, with very low dissipating energy per cycle and significantly reduced Mullins effect.Keywords: organo-montmorillonite; nanocomposites; natural rubber; dynamic properties ДОБИВАЊЕ И СВОЈСТВА НА ПРИРОДНА ГУМА НАПОЛНЕТА СО ОРГАНСКИ МОДИФИЦИРАН МОНТМОРИЛОНИТ: ОД ЛАБОРАТОРИСКИ ПРИМЕРОЦИ ДО МАСИВЕН МАТЕРИЈАЛИстражувањата во овој труд се направени во две фази фокусирајќи се на применливоста на нанокомпозитите на база на гума и на добивањето и карактеризација на примероци со индус-триски димензии. Прво беа подготвени лабораториски примероци нанокомпозити природна гума (NR)/органски модифициран монтморилонит (OMMT) со 2-14 phr OMMT на лабораториски дво-валјак. Вулканизацијата и механичките својства на композитите NR/OMMT се споредувани со референтен примерок на природна гума наполнета со саѓи (N330). Рендгенската дифракција (XRD) покажа дека кај сите нанокомпозити со OMMT доминира интеркалирана структура. Како резултат на тоа, органски модифицираната глина се однесува како ефикасен зајакнувач на природната гума, дури и при концентрации од само 2 phr. Нанокомпозитот се одликува со јачина на истегнување за 29 % поголема од онаа на референтниот примерок со саѓи (NR/N330), како и со зголемено издолжување (за 61 %). Во втората фаза, по определување оптимална количина на полнилото, произведени беа индустриски примероци NR/OMMT и сендвич-структура NR/OMMT-5/челична A. Ivanoska-Dacikj, G. Bogoeva-Gaceva, A. Buzarovska, I. Gjorgjiev, L. Raka Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 33 (2), 249-265 (2014) 250 плоча наменета за динамичко тестирање. Динамичкиот модул на материјалот е испитуван со методот на принудни вибрации. Произведениот масивен нанокомпозитен материјал NR/OMMT-5 се одликува со подобрена хистереза, многу ниска енергија на дисипација за циклус и значително намален Mullin-ов ефект во споредба со референтниот материјал NR/N330. Клучни зборови: органски модифициран монтморилонит; нанокомпозити; ...

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Studied Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Vulcanization Characteristics Of the Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of natural rubber/organo-montmorillonite: from lab samples to bulk material

Ivanoska-Dacikj

Bogoeva‐Gaceva

Bužarovska

et al. 2014

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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“…In NR as the matrix, a comparable mechanical reinforcement was obtained with 10 phr OC (Mt/octadecylamine) and 40 phr CB, with almost twice elongation at break, a lower compression set and similar abrasion loss with OC [112]. With the same OC, a much lower heat build up was obtained with respect to 50 phr of CB [113].…”

Section: Clays In a Rubber Matrix For Lighter Weight Of The Compoundmentioning

confidence: 73%

Rubber‐Clay Nanocomposites

Galimberti¹

2011

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“…Nevertheless, be-cause of the origin of CB from petroleum this filler causes pollution and gives black colour to rubber. As a result, in the last two decades re-search was focused on dt the development of other reinforcing agents de-rived from inorganic [9,10] and natural organic [11,12] materials to replace carbon black in rubber compounds. It is well known that one of these promising materials is cellulose (cell) [13], which is a renewable raw material, is more environmentally friendly than CB and comes from a sustainable resource.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical conductivity of natural rubber–cellulose II nanocomposites

Ortiz-Serna

Carsí

Redondo-Foj

et al. 2014

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Nanocomposite materials obtained from natural rubber (NR) reinforced with different amounts of cellulose II (cell) nanoparticles (in the range of 0 to 30 phr) are studied by dielectric spectroscopy (DS) in a broad temperature range (− 150 to 150 °C). For comparative purposes, the pure materials, NR and cell, are also investigated. An analysis of the cell content effect on the conductive properties of the nanocomposites was carried out. The dielectric spectra exhibit conductivity phenomena at low frequencies and high temperatures: Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) and electrode polarization (EP) conductive processes were observed in the nanocomposite samples.

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Organo-montmorillonite as substitute of carbon black in natural rubber compounds

Cited by 648 publications

References 16 publications

Preparation and properties of natural rubber/organo-montmorillonite: from lab samples to bulk material

Preparation and properties of natural rubber/organo-montmorillonite: from lab samples to bulk material

Rubber‐Clay Nanocomposites

Electrical conductivity of natural rubber–cellulose II nanocomposites

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