Organochlorines in deep-sea fish from the Nordfjord

Berg, Vidar; Polder, Anuschka; Skaare, Janneche Utne

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00191-x

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Berg et al 1997, 1998, Solé et al 2001, Mormede & Davies 2003. We confirmed the prevalence of highly chlorinated PCB congeners in the deep sea (Tanabe & Tatsukawa 1983), most likely reflecting their lower susceptibility to biodegradation combined with their higher adsorption efficiency on organic matter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…However, due to difficulties in sampling, previous studies have been generally based on limited numbers of individuals of similar size, showing little variation in OC contamination levels (e.g. Berg et al 1998, Porte et al 2000 that could influence CYP and antioxidant enzyme activities. We overcame these limitations by focusing our efforts on a single species caught in large numbers at different depths within a limited area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of organochlorines on cytochrome P450 activity and antioxidant enzymes in liver of roundnose grenadier Coryphaenoides rupestris

Lemaire¹,

Priede²,

Collins³

et al. 2010

Aquat. Biol.

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Oceans function as a sink for organochlorine compounds (OCs) such as PCBs and DDTs. Deep-sea fish bioaccumulate OCs to levels 10 to 100 times higher than shallow-water species. OCs induce the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system, the activity of which may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in liver cells. However, the susceptibility of fish to the oxidative stress likely caused by OCs remains unclear. We analysed whether PCB and DDT contamination of roundnose grenadier Coryphaenoides rupestris was associated with higher ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity (CYP1A-related), and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutases (SOD) and glutathione peroxidases (GPX). Biological parameters affecting EROD patterns (e.g. gender, ontogeny) were also investigated. Citrate synthase (CS) was used as a proxy for oxidative metabolism, responsible for basal ROS production and recruitment of antioxidant enzymes in liver cells. Hepatic OC levels were determined in individuals of different sizes (89 to 2016 g) from northern Atlantic slopes (depth range = 1000 to 1900 m). Median PCB and DDT values were 2.39 and 1.48 µg g -1 lipid weight, respectively, while median EROD activity was 15 pmol min -1 mg -1 protein. Gender greatly influenced OC levels (females were less contaminated), whilst weight (linked to ontogeny) positively affected DDT levels. EROD increased with PCB levels, and to some extent SOD and CAT were more influenced by EROD than CS, indicating that PCBs strongly affect the redox balance of roundnose grenadier liver cells through increased CYP1A activity. Therefore, OC-related CYP1A induction may be a major source of cellular ROS in liver of roundnose grenadier.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of organochlorines on cytochrome P450 activity and antioxidant enzymes in liver of roundnose grenadier Coryphaenoides rupestris

Lemaire¹,

Priede²,

Collins³

et al. 2010

Aquat. Biol.

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“…The HCB was also analyzed. Gas chromatography (GC) was performed with a Carlo Erba HR gas chromatograph (5300 Mega Series, Ni 63 electron capture detector, SPB‐5; Rodano, Milan, Italy; Supelco fused silica column, 60 m, 0.25‐mm i.d., 0.25 μm; Bellefonte, PA, USA) as described by Berg et al [16]. The analyses were carried out at the Environmental Toxicology Laboratory of the Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, Oslo, Norway.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant accumulation and biomarker responses in caged fish exposed to effluents from anthropogenic sources in the karnaphuly river, bangladesh

Al-Arabi¹,

Adolfsson-Erici²,

Waagbø³

et al. 2005

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The possible ecotoxicological effects of a paper and pulp mill effluent were investigated by measuring selected contaminants and biomarkers in caged Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from the Karnaphuly River, Bangladesh. Fish were caged for 28 d at two upstream reference sites (2 and 4 km) and four downstream sites (3, 5, 8, and 12 km) from the effluent outlets. Organochlorine contaminants and bile biomarkers were bioaccumulated to higher levels at downstream polluted sites than at the reference sites, including hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in liver, and chlorophenolic compounds like 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in bile. Levels of glucose, protein, and aspartate aminotransferase were analyzed in plasma, whereas cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) levels were determined in S-12 supernatants of liver. The results, including CYP1A induction and bile biomarkers, clearly indicated that, in addition to the paper and pulp mill effluents, the downstream sites appear to receive other inputs of contaminants. This field assessment in a Bangladeshi river demonstrates biomarker measurements in caged fish as a promising approach for evaluating accumulation and effects of industrial effluents in fish of developing countries.

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“…The toxicity of these "dioxin-like" PCBs is related to their affinity to the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor, a characteristic that these substances share with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. This common mode of action leads to the adoption of TCDD equivalency factor methodology (TEF) which is the most appropriate approach for toxicological risk assessment studies (Van Den Berg et al 1998). Each concentration of an individual congener in a mixture is multiplied with its TEF, and the resulting TCDD equivalents are added up and expressed in terms of concentrations (dioxins toxic equivalent, TEQs).…”

Section: Choice Of Pcb Congeners and Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and quantitative analysis of organochlorine compounds (PCBs and DDTs) in deep sea fish liver from Mediterranean Sea

Storelli

Perrone

2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Organochlorines in deep-sea fish from the Nordfjord

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of organochlorines on cytochrome P450 activity and antioxidant enzymes in liver of roundnose grenadier Coryphaenoides rupestris

Effects of organochlorines on cytochrome P450 activity and antioxidant enzymes in liver of roundnose grenadier Coryphaenoides rupestris

Contaminant accumulation and biomarker responses in caged fish exposed to effluents from anthropogenic sources in the karnaphuly river, bangladesh

Detection and quantitative analysis of organochlorine compounds (PCBs and DDTs) in deep sea fish liver from Mediterranean Sea

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