Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in tissues derived from leaf protoplasts and leaf expiants of Medicago sativa

Santos, Arletys; Outka, D. E.; Cocking, E. C.; Davey, M. R.

doi:10.1016/s0044-328x(80)80138-3

Cited by 134 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…First, exogenously supplied ammonium ion has both a qualitative and quantitative effect on the pattern of alfalfa morphogenesis in vitro. Second, our observations are consistent with those of others [4,7,9] wlfich suggest that alfalfa regeneration in vitro involves the formation of somatic embryos.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Morphogenesis in callus tissue ofMedicago sativa: The role of ammonium ion in somatic embryogenesis

Walker

Sato

1981

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

111

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Abstract. Exogenously supplied ammonium ion is critical to alfalfa morphogenesis in vitro. In alfalfa, the ability to induce the formation of either roots or somatic embryos provided an opportunity to examine the effects of ammonium ion on each pattern of morphogenesis. Somatic embryo formation required a minimum of 12.5 mM NH~ in regeneration medium for optimal expression. Root formation was inhibited by NH~ levels of 50 mM and above, and occurred in the absence of exogenous NH~. At high levels of NH~ somatic embryos were formed from ceils exposed to the root-inducing combination of hormones. This observation suggests that the growth regulators and exogenously supplied ammonium ion comprise an interactive system controlling the in vitro pattern of alfalfa morphogenesis.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Morphogenesis in callus tissue ofMedicago sativa: The role of ammonium ion in somatic embryogenesis

Walker

Sato

1981

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

111

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“…This demands an efficient and sustained capacity to regenerate plants from cell cultures. Recent research has demonstrated that such a requirement is realisable in previously recalcitrant crop plants such as wheat (Shimada and Yamada 1979), rice (Oono 1978b) and important legumes (Bingham et al 1975;Beach and Smith 1979;Phillips and Collins 1979;Kao and Michayluk 1980;dos Santos et al 1980) possibly including soybean (Saka et al 1980). Somaclonal variation may find its greatest application for plant improvement in concert with selection for desirable mutations at the cellular level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somaclonal variation — a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement

Larkin

Scowcroft

1981

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

2,642

993

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It is concluded from a review of the literature that plant cell culture itself generates genetic variability (somaclonal variation). Extensive examples are discussed of such variation in culture subclones and in regenerated plants (somaclones). A number of possible mechanisms for the origin of this phenomenon are considered. It is argued that this variation already is proving to be of significance for plant improvement. In particular the phenomenon may be employed to enhance the exchange required in sexual hybrids for the introgression of desirable alien genes into a crop species. It may also be used to generate variants of a commercial cultivar in high frequency without hybridizing to other genotypes.

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“…Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) [3,7,13,16,18,22,42], Trigonella corniculata [8,19], T. foenumgraecum [30], Onobrychis viciifolia [1], Lotus corniculatus [2,37], and Stylosanthes guianensis [32] have been regenerated from protoplasts. In the genus Trifolium (L.), protoplast cultures of T. arvense [40], T. hybridum [6,15,38], T. pratense [15,28], T. repens [1,2,4,5,6,9,14,36,37,38,39], T. resupinatum [23], and T. rubens [10] have been initiated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype-dependent whole plant regeneration from protoplasts of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

Myers

Grosser

Taylor

et al. 1989

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Protoplasts are useful for subcellular studies, in vitro selection, somatic hybridization and transformation. Whole plant regeneration from protoplasts is a prerequisite to producing altered crop plants using these methods. Whole plant regeneration was achieved from leaf-and suspension culture-derived protoplasts of T. pratense. Regeneration was most dependent upon identifying genotypes with genetic capacity to regenerate. Additional factors that were used to select genotypes, but which proved to be less important, were a high rate of cell growth in culture and a high plating efficiency of protoplasts. One genotype was identified which had a regeneration response equivalent to that of T. rubens and which regenerated from both leaf-and suspension culture-derived protoplasts.

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Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in tissues derived from leaf protoplasts and leaf expiants of Medicago sativa

Cited by 134 publications

References 31 publications

Morphogenesis in callus tissue ofMedicago sativa: The role of ammonium ion in somatic embryogenesis

Morphogenesis in callus tissue ofMedicago sativa: The role of ammonium ion in somatic embryogenesis

Somaclonal variation — a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement

Genotype-dependent whole plant regeneration from protoplasts of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

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