Organohalogens in nature

Asplund, G.; Grimvall, Anders

doi:10.1021/es00020a001

Cited by 200 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The ratio of AOX to TOC in water of the Oder river varied from 0.5 to 18.2 milligram chlorine per gram carbon and it was the level reported in literature (0.84...14.5 milligram chlorine per gram carbon) [8]. Higher AOX concentrations were found in the Oder water with lower pH value (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX) in Polish Rivers - Levels and Changes

Kaczmarczyk

Niemirycz

2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX) in Polish Rivers - Levels and Changes

Kaczmarczyk

Niemirycz

2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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“…Organochlorine compounds in pore water were not determined in this study. Their concentrations in lakes and rivers can range between 11 and 185 µg l −1 , and highest values were found in streams draining peatlands (Asplund, 1991). Moreover, fulvic acids play an important role in transport of organochlorine in the environment by binding of chlorine to aromatic structures (Dahlmann et al, 1993).…”

Section: Variability Of Halogen Concentrations In Pore Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogens in pore water of peat bogs – the role of peat decomposition and dissolved organic matter

et al. 2006

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Abstract.Halogens are strongly enriched in peat and peatlands and such they are one of their largest active terrestrial reservoir. The enrichment of halogens in peat is mainly attributed to the formation of organohalogens and climatically controlled humification processes. However, little is known about release of halogens from the peat substrate and the distribution of halogens in the peat pore water. In this study we have investigated the distribution of chlorine, bromine and iodine in pore water of three pristine peat bogs located in the Magellanic Moorlands, southern Chile. Peat pore waters were collected using a sipping technique, which allows in situ sampling down to a depth greater than 6 m. Halogens and halogen species in pore water were determined by ion-chromatography (IC) (chlorine) and IC-ICP-MS (bromine and iodine). Results show that halogen concentrations in pore water are 15-30 times higher than in rainwater. Mean concentrations of chlorine, bromine and iodine in pore water were 7-15 mg l −1 , 56-123 µg l −1 , and 10-20 µg l −1 , which correspond to mean proportions of 10-15%, 1-2.3% and 0.5-2.2% of total concentrations in peat, respectively. Organobromine and organoiodine were the predominant species in pore waters, whereas chlorine in pore water was mostly chloride. Advection and diffusion of halogens were found to be generally low and halogen concentrations appear to reflect release from the peat substrate. Release of bromine and iodine from peat depend on the degree of peat degradation, whereas this relationship is weak for chlorine. Relatively higher release of bromine and iodine was observed in less degraded peat sections, where the release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was also the most intensive. It has been concluded that the release of halogenated dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the predominant mechanism of iodine and bromine release from peat.

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“…[34] Substantial formation of bromophenol from phenol was observed upon UV/Vis irradiation of a mixture of FeA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (ClO 4 ) 3 and NaBr at acidic pH, adjusted by HClO 4 . NaBr was chosen as bromide source instead of the more commonly used KBr to avoid precipitation of KClO 4 . In turn, ClO 4 À was chosen as the counterion for both H + and Fe III because, unlike nitrate, chloride, sulfate, and other anions, it is not photoactive, reacts with COH at a negligible rate, [35] and does not form stable complexes with iron.…”

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confidence: 99%

Formation of Organobrominated Compounds in the Presence of Bromide under Simulated Atmospheric Aerosol Conditions

et al. 2008

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Photobromination of phenol takes place upon UV/Vis irradiation of FeIII and bromide under acidic conditions, and most likely involves the brominating agent Br2(-*). Bromination is also observed in the presence of nitrate and bromide under UV irradiation, most likely involving Br2(-*) formed upon oxidation of bromide by *OH. Moreover, quantitative bromination of phenol is observed in the dark in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and bromide. This process is strongly favored under acidic conditions, but a residual, pH-independent bromination pathway is also present. The rates and yields of bromination (up to 100%) are considerably higher than those reported for chlorination under comparable conditions, suggesting that the higher activity of bromine species could compensate for the lower concentration of bromide ions in aerosol compared to chlorides. The reported processes are potent tial sources of reactive bromine species (Br2(-*), HBrO) and aromatic bromo derivatives in atmospheric aerosols, in particular after the acidification process linked with aerosol aging.

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Organohalogens in nature

Cited by 200 publications

References 4 publications

Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX) in Polish Rivers - Levels and Changes

Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX) in Polish Rivers - Levels and Changes

Halogens in pore water of peat bogs – the role of peat decomposition and dissolved organic matter

Formation of Organobrominated Compounds in the Presence of Bromide under Simulated Atmospheric Aerosol Conditions

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