Organophosphorus pesticide occurrence and distribution in surface and ground water of the United States, 1992-97

Hopkins, Evelyn H.; Hippe, Daniel J.; Frick, Elizabeth A.; Buell, Gary R.

doi:10.3133/ofr00187

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…However, some studies have failed to Þnd relationships between size and life span (Maciel-De-Freitas et al 2007), and so these relationships may be contingent on other environmental conditions as well. These Þndings may be especially relevant from a practical point of view because pesticides are important sources of water pollution (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1997, Hopkins et al 2000, El Bakouri et al 2007). Container-dwelling mosquitoes such as Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Can Pesticides and Larval Competition Alter Susceptibility of Aedes Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Arbovirus Infection?

Muturi

Costanzo

Kesavaraju³

et al. 2011

jnl. med. entom.

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Density-dependent processes such as larval competition may be important regulatory factors among some mosquito species. The application of pesticides used for control may alter these density-dependent interactions with consequences for the number of survivors and associated sublethal and chronic effects on these individuals. We examined how intraspecific competition among larvae and low concentrations of malathion alter Aedes aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus Skuse adult life history traits and competence for arboviruses using Sindbis virus as a model system. Larvae were reared at densities of 150 and 300 larvae per container and in the absence or presence of 0.04 parts per million of malathion, before surviving females were exposed to an infectious blood meal containing 10(5) plaque-forming units/ml Sindbis virus. For both species, competition and the presence of malathion reduced survival to adulthood. The presence of malathion eliminated the negative effects of competition that resulted in lengthened development time and smaller-sized adults. For Ae. aegypti, but not Ae. albopictus, high competition conditions and the presence of malathion independently and not interactively led to an increase in virus dissemination from the midgut. Our results suggest that larval competition and chemical contaminants may influence disease transmission directly by altering adult mosquito fitness and indirectly by altering vector interactions with arboviruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Can Pesticides and Larval Competition Alter Susceptibility of Aedes Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Arbovirus Infection?

Muturi

Costanzo

Kesavaraju³

et al. 2011

jnl. med. entom.

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“…Malathion is an organophosphorous (OP) pesticide that has been used widely since the 1960s ( [1]; http://water.usgs.gov/ pubs/circ/circ1225/pdf/pest.pdf). Two of its major uses include boll weevil eradication in cotton fields and mosquito control in urban areas to prevent the West Nile Virus ( [2]; http:// www.epa.gov/pesticides/op/malathion/summary.htm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pesticide malathion reduces survival and growth in developing zebrafish

Cook

Paradise

Lom

2005

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Malathion is an organophosphorous pesticide widely used to control mosquitoes in urban areas and pests, such as boll weevils, in agricultural areas. Zebrafish, Danio rerio, are model organisms for developmental toxicology research because they are readily available, produce large numbers of clear embryos, and are sensitive to environmental changes. The nonlethal effects of malathion on developing zebrafish embryos, however, previously have not been analyzed quantitatively. We exposed zebrafish embryos to sublethal malathion concentrations to determine malathion's effects on a developing vertebrate. Zebrafish exposed to 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/L of malathion consistently elicited more rapid hatching from the chorion than zebrafish exposed to 2.0-, 2.5-, or 3.0-mg/L malathion concentrations. In addition, exposure to 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0 mg/L of malathion resulted in significantly shorter body length and eye diameters, indicating that malathion had teratogenic effects on zebrafish embryos. Malathion's action as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and the toxicity of the metabolites of malathion may be responsible for malathion's teratogenic effects on fish development.

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“…The widespread use of OP in rural and urban theater as pesticides and insecticides has resulted in the observance of trace amount of these extremely toxic compounds in ground and surface waters [4] and on fresh and processed fruits and vegetables [5]. Therefore, sensitive, selective, rapid, reliable, and cost-effective methods/ tools to detect these compounds are necessary to protect humans and animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biosensors for Organophosphate Pesticides

Mulchandani

Rajesh

2011

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Organophosphates, amongst the most toxic substance known, are used widely in agriculture around the world. Their extensive use, however, has resulted in their occurrence in the water and food supply threatening humans and animals. Therefore, there is a need for determination of these neurotoxic compounds sensitively, selectively, and rapidly in the field. The present work is a brief review on the recent advancements in amperometric, potentiometric, and optical biosensors using genetically engineered microorganisms expressing organophosphate hydrolyzing enzyme intracellularly or anchored on the cell surface for the detection of organophosphate pesticides. The benefits and limitations associated with such microbial biosensors are delineated.

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Organophosphorus pesticide occurrence and distribution in surface and ground water of the United States, 1992-97

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Can Pesticides and Larval Competition Alter Susceptibility of Aedes Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Arbovirus Infection?

Can Pesticides and Larval Competition Alter Susceptibility of Aedes Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Arbovirus Infection?

The pesticide malathion reduces survival and growth in developing zebrafish

Microbial Biosensors for Organophosphate Pesticides

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