Organotrope carcinogene Wirkungen bei 65 verschiedenen N-Nitroso-Verbindungen an BD-Ratten

Objectives: An increase in incidence of the illegal use of tablets containing 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine hydrochloride (MDMA) has recently become a widespread social problem. MDMA ingested orally reacts with nitrite in the stomach and is synthesized into N-nitroso-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (N-MDMA). The aim of this study is to investigate the genotoxic effects of MDMA and N-MDMA on the basis of the results of an in vitro micronucleus (MN) test and an in vitro chromosomal aberration (CA) test using a Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line (CHL/IU).Methods: Tablets containing MDMA obtained from the Regional Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare were purified, and N-MDMA was synthesized from MDMA in our laboratory. To evaluate the effects of MDMA and N-MDMA, the MN test established by our laboratory and the CA test in accordance with the guidelines for toxicity studies of drugs recommended by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare were performed.Results: In the MN test, no increased frequency of MNs was not found for MDMA. On the other hand, an apparently increased frequency of MNs was observed for N-MDMA. In the CA test, no CA was found for MDMA, but CA was observed for N-MDMA apparently.Conclusion: N-MDMA genotoxicity was observed in the MN and CA tests. However, no MDMA genotoxicity was observed.

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“…Many N-nitroso compounds have been demonstrated to be carcinogens (9). The metabolism of such compounds is considered to occur as follows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N-Nitroso compounds induce genotoxic activity according to some mutagenicity tests and carcinogenicity (6). Numerous animal studies have demonstrated the carcinogenicity of N-nitroso compounds (7)(8)(9). MDMA is a secondary amine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geonotoxicity study of illegal drug MDMA and its nitroso derivative N-MDMA by micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests using Chinese hamsger lung fibroblast cell line

Yoshioka

Shimizu

Toyama

et al. 2007

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…These studies began with a demonstration of the carcinogenicity of the antituberculosis drugisonicotinic acid hydrazide (Juhasz et al, 1957). This finding was followed by numerous other investigations into synthetic hydrazines widely found in the environment and to which the human population is exposed to a considerable degree (Biancifiori & Ribacchi, 1962;Druckrey et al, 1967;Colvin, 1969;Juchau & Horita, 1972; IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, 1974;LaRue, 1977). The field recently received additional attention when the various naturally occurring hydrazine ingredients of the edible mushrooms Aqaricus bisporus (Levenberg, 1960) and Gyromitra esculenta (List and Luft, 1968) and tobacco (Liu et al, 1974) were also shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals (Toth, 1973;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

1-Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine carcinogenesis in mice

Tóth¹

1979

Br J Cancer

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“…ALKYLNITROSAMINES are among the most versatile and potent carcinogens, able to induce tumours in various organs of several animal species (Magee and Barnes, 1967;Druckrey et al, 1967).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In view of the great susceptibility of the very young to mnany carcinogens, including the alkylnitrosamines (for references see Magee and Barnes, 1967;Druckrey et al, 1967;Schoental, 1974a), particular attention is required to ensure that milk, the main foodstuff of the young, does not contain carcinogenic nitroso compounds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%