Orientation Mode of Crystallites and Rodlike Texture of Polyethylene Crystallized from a Stressed Polymer Melt

Matsuo, Masaru; Ozaki, Fumihiko; Kurita, Hozumi; Sugawara, Shunji; Ogita, Testsuya

doi:10.1021/ma60077a031

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Accordingly, n must be even, and consequently G l 0 n becomes zero. Thus, eqs and reduce to − F l 0 j = F l 00 P l ( cos Θ j ) + 2 ∑ l = 2 ∞ ( l − n ) ! ( l + n ) ! F l 0 n P l n ( cos Θ j ) cos ( n Φ j ) and 4 π 2 ω ( cos ( θ , η ) ) = 1 2 + 2 ∑ l = 2 ∞ true[ 2 l + 1 2 F l 00 P l false(…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A completely mathematical description for the orientation distribution function of crystallites was proposed by Roe and Krigbaum − using the orientation functions measured for many crystal planes. The description was applied to polyethylene crystallites with orthorhombic unit by Krigbaum et al and Matsuo et al, − to cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), , and nylon 6 crystallites with monoclinic unit by Matsuo et al, and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) crystallites with a triclinic unit by Matsuo et al The evaluation methods have been developed to obtain the three principle crystallographic axes ( a -, b -, and c -axes) from the predicted orientation distribution function of crystallites. In doing so, the orientation functions of the reciprocal lattice vectors must be measured by X-ray diffraction precisely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orientation Behavior of Carbon Fiber Axes in Polymer Solutions under Magnetic Field Estimated in Terms of Orientation Distribution Function

Nakano

Matsuo

2008

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Orientation behavior of carbon fibers (CFs) in polymer solution/gel under magnetic field was estimated in terms of the orientation distribution function. The estimation was done by a series of spherical harmonics of the orientation distribution function of the reciprocal lattice vector of the (002) plane measured for the composite films. Despite a number of papers concerning the orientation of CFs and carbon nanotubes under magnetic field, all estimations have been done in terms of the second-order orientation factor of the (002) plane. The work described in this paper was first successful for the direct estimation of orientation of CF axes within the dried film in terms of orientation function by considering a random orientation of the CF axes around the magnetic field direction. In this experiment, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was adopted as the solution to disperse CFs and to prepare the composite films by evaporating solvent. The normalized function obtained experimentally was analyzed in comparison with the magnetic orientation of CFs in solution or gel at the equilibrium state calculated by the magnetic energy of CF. Furthermore, the orientation of the CFs up to the equilibrium state in the given systems was estimated as a function of time by a common diffusion equation. The calculated results indicated that the preferential orientation of CFs with respect to the magnetic field direction becomes promoted with elapsing time. This tendency became significant, when the contents of CFs and/or PVA were less than the critical concentration within the dispersion solution. The experimental and theoretical results, however, provided that the preferential orientation degree became lower drastically, when the PVA content and/or the CF content were beyond their critical concentration. This was due to a drastic decrease in viscosity of the dispersion solution before gelation/crystallization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation Behavior of Carbon Fiber Axes in Polymer Solutions under Magnetic Field Estimated in Terms of Orientation Distribution Function

Nakano

Matsuo

2008

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…From this information the crystalline orientation function may be determined if the diffracted X-ray intensity from a sufficiently large number of crystal planes can be accurately measured. 13,[15][16][17] We tried to apply this method to our stretched samples of PET. Figures 1-6 show the orientation distribution functions of the reciprocal lattice vectors of the crystal planes for the sample of 43% crystal-linity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation mechanism of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film under uniaxial stretching

Matsuo¹,

Tamada²,

Terada³

et al. 1982

Macromolecules

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The deformation of polyethylene terephthalate) was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and small-angle light scattering techniques. The results showed that the deformation mechanism depends on the crystallinity of the specimen in the undeformed state. When a specimen with about 43% crystallinity was stretched, the crystallite orientation and the superstructural deformation were similar to those of a typical crystalline polymer such as polyethylene. That is, the crystal fiber axes were found to orient predominantly in the direction of stretching as assessed in terms of the second-order orientation factor, while the deformation of the superstructure was well accounted for by an affine deformation mode as shown by the good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results of Hv scattering patterns. On the other hand, when an amorphous specimen with about 3% crystallinity was stretched, the scattering showed a broad four-leaf lobe pattern at small azimuthal angles and a sharp narrow four-leaf streak pattern at large azimuthal angles. This behavior was analyzed by assuming the existence of a row-nucleated sheaflike structure whose rows are preferentially oriented at a particular angle with respect to the stretching direction. In this analysis, the //-function proposed by Hoseman was used as a probability of finding the nearest-neighbor particle at a displacement vector. The calculated pattern was rather close to the observed one. This agreement implies that the row-nucleated sheaflike texture arises with lamellar overgrowth where the rows are preferentially oriented at a particular angle with respect to the stretching direction.

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“…These orientation functions of specimen B are similar to that of the fiber texture, because the crystallite orientation function about the fiber texture is independent of the angle 17 and has the maximum at 8=0°. As for the crystallite orientation of specimen A, the density distribution of w (8,IJ) shows maps with the maxima at 8=90° and 1]=0°. The somewhat complicated maps of specimen A are due to the orientation behavior associated with the crystallite rotation around its own c*-axis.…”

Section: I=3mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…4 -6 Recently, Matsuo et al applied this method to study the orientation mechanism of crystallites within polyethylene sphernlites 7 as well as to the orientation mode of crystallites of polyethylene crystallized from a stressed polymer melt. 8 Analysis was inade using the functions of the reciprocal lattice vectors of 13 crystal planes observed from X-ray diffraction measurement. As for the former, a high-density polyethylene, Sholex 5065, with crystallinity 76% was used as a test specimen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deformation Mechanism of Nylon 6 Spherulites under Uniaxial Stretching

Matsuo

Seino

Watanabe

et al. 1981

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:The orientation distribution functions of the (200) and (002) crystal planes of nylon 6 are affected by the degree of crystallinity. As for one specimen with crystallinity 47%, these functions of the (200) and (002) crystal planes have maxima at polar angles 8j=0° and 8j=90°, respectively. By contrast, as for the other specimen with crystallinity 28%,. both functions have a maximum at polar angle 8j=90°. These two orientation modes were analyzed using a deformation mode of nylon 6 spherulites. As for the results, this cause was due to the difference of the orientation mode of crystal b-axis, that is, (a) the b-axis orientation associated with the rotation of crystallites around its own c*-axis designating the axis perpendicular to the a-and c-axes and (b) the b-axis orientation associated with random rotation of the crystallites around their own b-axis. The type (a) orientation predominates in the case of a crystallinity 47%, while the type (b) orientation does in the case of crystallinity 28%. A light scattering apparatus was made so that the scanning bench (arm) supporting the photomultiplier could be moved horizontally at a desired fixed angle between the bench and the horizontal direction. This apparatus provided detailed information about the morphology and the deformation mechanism of nylon 6 spherulites. The light scattering pattern from nylon 6 spherulites was accounted for by one from the spherulites with a disorder of the optical axis orientation in the angular distribution.KEY WORDS (200) and (002) Crystal Planes I The b-Axis Orientation I Nylon 6 Spherulite I Light Scattering Apparatus I Scanning Bench I Angular Distribution I Several studies 1 -3 on the crystal orientation of semicrystalline polymers under uniaxial stretching have been made in relation to the deformation mechanism of the polymer spherulites. Those studies involved comparisons of observed results with those calculated on a model of spherulitic deformation in terms of the orientation distribution functions of reciprocal lattice vectors of particular crystal plane. This method is suitable for evaluating the orientation mechanism of crystallites when the diffraction intensities from the crystal planes are too weak, except those of one or two crystal planes, to obtain correct and detailed data.

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Orientation Mode of Crystallites and Rodlike Texture of Polyethylene Crystallized from a Stressed Polymer Melt

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Orientation Behavior of Carbon Fiber Axes in Polymer Solutions under Magnetic Field Estimated in Terms of Orientation Distribution Function

Orientation Behavior of Carbon Fiber Axes in Polymer Solutions under Magnetic Field Estimated in Terms of Orientation Distribution Function

Deformation mechanism of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film under uniaxial stretching

Deformation Mechanism of Nylon 6 Spherulites under Uniaxial Stretching

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