Origins of Phantom Limb Pain

Kuffler, Damién P.

doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0717-x

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Phantom limb pain has been vastly studied in humans ( Schley et al, 2008 ; Andoh et al, 2017 ; Yin et al, 2017 ). In cases of phantom limb pain, characteristic chronic neuropathic pain occurs in the amputation stump; and although this pain may decrease or eventually disappear over time, if it continues for more than 6 months, the prognosis for pain decrease is poor ( Kuffler, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Troncoso

Herzberg

Meneses

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundTail docking of dairy cows is a painful procedure that affects animal welfare level. The aims of this study were first to evaluate the response to mechanical and thermal stimulation, and second to determine the superficial temperature of the stump of tail-docked dairy cows.MethodsOne hundred and sixty-four dairy cows were enrolled. From these, 133 cows were assigned to the tail-docked (TD) group and 31 cows were selected as control animals. The following sensory assessments to evaluate pain in tail-docked cows were performed. Sensitivity of the tail region in both groups of animals was evaluated using a portable algometer. Cold and heat sensitivity assessment was performed using a frozen pack (0 °C) and warm water (45 °C), respectively. Pinprick sensitivity was evaluated using a Wartenberg neurological pinwheel. Superficial temperature was evaluated using a thermographic camera. All sensory assessments and superficial temperature were evaluated in the ventral surface of the tail stump (TD) and tail (C).ResultsPressure pain threshold was lower in TD cows (5.97 ± 0.19 kg) compared to control cows (11.75 ± 0.43 kg). Heat and cold sensitivity was higher in the TD cows compared to control cows with 29% and 23% of TD cows responding positively, respectively. Similarly, after pinprick sensitivity test was performed, 93% of TD cows elicited a positive response to stimulation. Tail-docked cows had lower superficial temperature (26.4 ± 0.27 °C) compared to control cows (29.9 ± 0.62 °C).DiscussionPressure pain threshold values in both groups of animals were higher than those previously reported for TD pigs, sows and cows. In contrast, pinprick stimulation evaluates the presence of punctate mechanical hyperalgesia/allodynia, usually related to traumatic nerve injury, and this association may reveal that it is possible that these animals developed a disorder associated to the development of a tail stump neuroma and concurrent neuropathic pain, previously reported in TD lambs, pigs and dogs. Thermal sensitivity showed that TD cows responded positively to heat and cold stimulation. These findings suggest that long-term TD cows could be suffering hyperalgesia/allodynia, which may be indicative of chronic pain. Lower superficial temperature in the stump may be associated to sympathetic fiber sprouting in the distal stump, which can lead to vasoconstriction and lower surface temperatures. Further studies are needed in order to confirm neuroma development and adrenergic sprouting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Troncoso

Herzberg

Meneses

et al. 2018

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Phantom limb pain has been vastly studied in humans (Schley et al 2008;Andoh et al 2017;Yin et al 2017). In cases of phantom limb pain, characteristic chronic neuropathic pain occurs in the amputation stump; and although this pain may decrease or eventually disappear over time, if continues for more than 6 month, the prognosis for pain decrease is poor (Kuffler 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Troncoso

Herzberg

Meneses

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background. Tail docking of dairy cows is a painful procedure that affects animal welfare. The aims of this study were first to evaluate the response to mechanical and thermal stimulation, and second to determine the superficial temperature of the stump of tail-docked dairy cows. Methods. One hundred and sixty four dairy cows were enrolled. From these, 133 cows were assigned to the tail-docked group (TD) and 31 cows were selected as control animals (C). The following sensory assessments to evaluate pain in tail-docked cows were performed. Sensitivity of the tail region in both groups of animals was evaluated using a portable algometer. Cold and heat sensitivity assessment was performed using a frozen pack (0ºC) and warm water (45ºC), respectively. Pinprick sensitivity was evaluated using a Wartenberg neurological pinwheel. Superficial temperature was evaluated using a thermographic camera. All sensory assessments and superficial temperature were evaluated in the ventral surface of the tail stump (TD) and tail (C). Results. Analysis revealed a significant effect of condition on the pressure pain threshold with significantly lower values necessary to obtain a withdrawal response in TD cows (5.97±0.19 kg) compared to C cows (11.75±0.43 kg). Chi Square test revealed that there was a significant association between heat sensitivity and condition with 29.3% of TD cows responding positively. Nonetheless, no association was found between condition and cold sensitivity. Similarly, after pinprick sensitivity test was performed, 93.2% of TD cows elicited a positive response to stimulation. This sensory testing was significantly associated with the condition. There was a significant effect of condition on superficial temperature, where TD cows had significantly lower temperature (26.43±0.27 ºC) when compared to C animals (29.86±0.62 ºC). Discussion. Pressure pain threshold values in both groups of animals were higher that those previously reported for tail docked pigs, sows and cows. In contrast, pinprick stimulation evaluates the presence of punctate mechanical hyperalgesia/allodynia, usually related to traumatic nerve injury, and this association may reveal that it is possible that these animals developed a disorder associated to the development of a tail stump neuroma and concurrent neuropathic pain, previously reported in tail-docked lambs, pigs and dogs. Thermal sensitivity showed that tail-docked cows responded positively only to heat stimulation. These findings suggest that long-term tail-docked cows could be suffering hyperalgesia/allodynia, which may be indicative of chronic pain. Lower superficial temperature in the stump may be associated to sympathetic fiber sprouting in the distal stump, which can lead to vasoconstriction and lower surface temperatures. Further studies are needed in order to confirm neuroma development and adrenergic sprouting.

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“…Also, Kuffler claims that chronic pain may lead to depression and feelings of hopelessness. According to this author, chronic pain is physically and mentally debilitating and as such, it affects the individual's potential for self-care and the performance of daily living activities necessary for personal and economic independence [24]. Cepuch et al identified some factors that determine the emotional disorders (anxiety, depression, or aggression) in patients with cystic fibrosis: pain, female gender, quality of sleep, and body weight [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of emotional status, mood, and well-being in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgical treatment

Chabowski¹,

Kostka²,

Milan³

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Hospitalisation affects patients' well-being. Surgery intensifies negative feelings because of risk of postoperative complications, fear of anaesthesia, and pain associated with surgery. Aim of the research: To analyse the impact of selected determinants (physical activity, self-dependence, and perceived pain) on the mood and well-being of patients treated with surgery. Material and methods: The study included 121 patients who had undergone a laparoscopic surgical operation (80 cholecystectomies and 41 appendectomies). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) were applied. Results: Physically active patients presented with significantly better well-being (p = 0.015) and better emotional reaction to a disease (p = 0.017) than those who declared lack of physical activity. The ability to move independently significantly increased the patient's mood (p = 0.030) and the level of emotional reaction to a disease (p < 0.0005). The presence of pain negatively affected the patient's mood (p = 0.032). Patients presented reduced mood and increased level of anxiety. Conclusions: The presence of symptoms associated with surgery, such as pain and decreased physical fitness, negatively affect mood, well-being, and emotional reaction to a disease in patients treated with surgery. A greater degree of self-dependence increases patients' mood, well-being, and emotional reaction to disease. Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Pobyt w szpitalu zazwyczaj wpływa na samopoczucie pacjentów. Leczenie chirurgiczne nasila negatywne odczucia wynikające z ryzyka wystąpienia powikłań pooperacyjnych, lęku przed znieczuleniem i bólem pooperacyjnym. Cel pracy: Analiza wpływu wybranych czynników (aktywność fizyczna, samodzielność i odczuwany ból) na nastrój oraz samopoczucie pacjentów leczonych chirurgicznie. Materiał i metody: Do badania włączono 121 pacjentów poddanych leczeniu chirurgicznemu z dostępu laparoskopowego (80 cholecystektomii oraz 41 appendektomii) na Oddziale Chirurgii Ogólnej i Onkologicznej w Uniwersyteckim Szpitalu Klinicznym we Wrocławiu. Pacjenci udzielili odpowiedzi na pytania kwestionariusza autorskiego oraz na pytania standaryzowanych kwestionariuszy: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) oraz the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT). W celu porównania zmiennych zastosowano tablice kontyngencji oraz test c 2. Zależności oceniano za pomocą współczynnika korelacji rangowej Spearmana. Wyniki: Pacjenci aktywni fizycznie mieli znamiennie lepsze samopoczucie (p = 0,015) i lepsze reakcje emocjonalne na chorobę (p = 0,017). Zdolność samodzielnego poruszania się znamiennie poprawia nastrój (p = 0,030) oraz reakcję emocjonalną na chorobę (p < 0,0005). Ból pooperacyjny obniża nastrój (p = 0,032). U chorych po leczeniu chirurgicznym stwierdzono obniżenie nastroju i zwiększenie natężenia lęku.

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Origins of Phantom Limb Pain

Cited by 51 publications

References 76 publications

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

Determinants of emotional status, mood, and well-being in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgical treatment

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