Orofacial pathology in Homo heidelbergensis: The case of Skull 5 from the Sima de los Huesos site (Atapuerca, Spain)

Gracia-Téllez, Ana; Arsuaga, Juan Luís; Martı́nez, Ignacio; Martín‐Francés, Laura; Martinón‐Torres, María; Castro, José Marı́a Bermúdez de; Bonmatí, Alejandro; Lira, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.02.005

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Eventually, a gap forms between the tooth and the alveolar crest, thus loosening dental fixation (Ogden, 2008). Periodontitis is also well documented in the fossil hominin record (Grine et al, 1990;Gracia-T ellez et al, 2013;Lozano et al, 2013).…”

Section: Congenital Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adolescent H. erectus ergaster specimen KNM-WT 15000 (1.5 MA) exhibits tooth agenesis of both mandibular M3s, and linear enamel hypoplasias (Dean and Smith, 2009). The specimens from Sima del Elefante (estimated to 1.3 MA) and Sima de los Huesos (0.3 MA) display a wide diversity of pathologies such as alveolar lytic lesions, hypercementosis and dental calculus (Martinon-Torres et al, 2011), as well as periodontal disease, periapical infections, and even osteitis (Gracia-T ellez et al, 2013). The Broken Hill maxillary dentition (0.3-0.125 MA) displays hypercementosis, multiple lesions of cariogenic origin, periodontal disease, and possible effects of hyposalivation (Koritzer and St Hoyme, 1979;Puech et al, 1980;Bartsiokas and Day, 1993;Lacy, 2014b).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These early Homo case studies often lack a well-defined quantitative comparative context and do not account for the potential significance of withinpopulation variation. They thus tend to draw farreaching conclusions from single specimens regarding taxon-specific masticatory function, dietary habits, and the paramasticatory use of the dentition (Martinon-Torres et al, 2011;Gracia-T ellez et al, 2013;Bermudez de Castro et al, 2014;Mart ın-Franc es et al, 2014). Overall, thus, the results of paleopathological dentognathic studies in early Homo are difficult to integrate into a wider comparative framework, and specific hypotheses regarding causes and mechanisms of pathogenesis cannot be tested explicitly.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

Margvelashvili

Zollikofer

Lordkipanidze

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Due to the scarcity of the fossil record, in-vivo changes in the dentognathic system of early Homo are typically documented at the level of individual fossil specimens, and it remains difficult to draw population-level inferences about dietary habits, diet-related activities and lifestyle from individual patterns of dentognathic alterations. The Plio-Pleistocene hominin sample from Dmanisi (Georgia), dated to 1.77 million years ago, offers a unique opportunity to study in-vivo changes in the dentognathic system of individuals belonging to a single paleodeme of early Homo. Materials and Methods: We analyze dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi sample, and in comparative samples of modern Australian and Greenlander hunter-gatherer populations, applying clinical protocols of dentognathic diagnostics. Results: The Dmanisi hominins exhibit a similarly wide diversity and similar incidence of dentognathic pathologies as the modern human hunter-gatherer population samples investigated here. Dmanisi differs from the modern population samples in several respects: At young age tooth wear is already advanced, and pathologies are more prevalent. At old age, hypercementosis is substantial. Discussion: Results indicate that dentognathic pathologies and disease trajectories are largely similar in early Homo and modern humans, but that the disease load was higher in early Homo, probably as an effect of higher overall stress on the dentognathic system. Key words: aging, tooth wear, caries, periodontitisThe Plio-Pleistocene site of Dmanisi has yielded a large sample of hominin fossils associated with abundant and diverse faunal remains and Mode I stone artifacts (Gabunia et al. 2001;Ferring et al. 2011;Mgeladze et al. 2011). Occupation of the site began shortly after 1.85 Ma. The fossil hominin finds are dated to 1.77 Ma (Ferring et al. 2011). Dmanisi thus represents the earliest evidence of Homo outside of Africa. The well-preserved cranial, mandibular and postcranial remains of five individuals are unique in offering detailed insights into patterns of morphological variation within a paleodeme of early Homo, and into patterns of growth and aging Margvelashvili et al. 2013;Zollikofer et al. 2014). The craniomandibular morphology of the Dmanisi paleodeme has been described previously (Gabunia and Vekua 1995;Gabunia et al. 2000;Gabunia et al. 2001;Gabounia et al. 2002;Lordkipanidze et al. 2005;Lordkipanidze et al. 2006;Rightmire et al. 2006;Rightmire and Lordkipanidze 2010;Lordkipanidze et al. 2013;Margvelashvili et al. 2013). Cranial and mandibular morphological variation within the Dmanisi paleodeme is wide, but well within the range of variation seen in modern humans populations, and in populations of chimpanzee subspecies (Skinner et al. 2006;Lordkipanidze et al. 2013;Margvelashvili et al. 2013;Zollikofer et al. 2014). Variation in size, shape and dentognathic features among the Dmanisi mandibles has received special attention and has been studied to address questions of phylogeny, taxonomy, sexual dimorphism, die...

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Section: Congenital Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

Margvelashvili

Zollikofer

Lordkipanidze

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…In the fossil record, there are several cases of cranial antemortem (healed) fractures such as: Middle Pleistocene remains of Maba 1 (Wu et al, 2011), AtapuercaTrinchera Galería parietal , as well as at least eight of the Atapuerca-SH crania (Gracia-T ellez et al, 2013;P erez et al, 1997) and Late Pleistocene hominins such as Dolní V estonice 3, 11/12, 13, 15 and 16 (Trinkaus and Svoboda, 2006), Feldhofer 1 (Schultz, 2006), Krapina 4, 20, 31, 34.7 (Gardner and Smith, 2006;Radov ci c et al, 1988), Qafzeh 11 (Coqueugniot et al, 2014), Saint C esaire 1 (Zollikofer et al, 2002), Sal'a 1 (Sl adek et al, 2002), Shanidar 1 and 5 (Berger and Trinkaus, 1995;Trinkaus, 1983), Sunghir 5 (Trinkaus et al, 2014), Xujiayao 5a, 8 and 12 (Wu and Trinkaus, 2015) among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sima de los Huesos Crania: Analysis of the cranial breakage patterns

Sala

Pantoja-Pérez

Arsuaga

et al. 2016

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Martinon-Torres, Gracia-Téllez, & Bermúdez de Castro, 2015); violent behavior in the population of Sima de los Huesos (SH) (Gracia-Téllez et al, 2013;Sala et al, 2015) and Neanderthals (Churchill, Franciscus, McKean-Peraza, Daniel, & Warren, 2009;Zollikofer, Ponce de León, Vandermeersch, & Lévêque, 2002) as well as signs of conspecific care in the SH population (Gracia et al, 2010) and Neanderthals (DeGusta, 2002;Trinkaus & Villotte, 2017). Therefore, the identification of pathological conditions in hominins remains an important finding in the assessment of the health status and behavioral patterns in an individual and/or population (e.g., Crovella & Ardito, 1994;Kappelman et al, 2016;Lovell, 1991;Martín-Francés et al, 2015; Martín-Francés, Martinón-Torres, Gracia-Téllez, & Bermúdez de Castro, 2016;Sun et al, 2014;Trinkaus & Villotte, 2017).…”

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Ectopic maxillary third molar in Early PleistoceneHomo antecessorfrom Atapuerca‐Gran Dolina site (Burgos, Spain)

Martín‐Francés

Martinón‐Torres

Pinillos

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives Here we describe the case of an ectopic maxillary third molar (M3), preventing the eruption of the M2, in the individual H3 of the hominin hypodigm of level TD6.2 of the Early Pleistocene site of Gran Dolina (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Materials and Methods The fossil remains from the TD6.2 level of the Gran Dolina site (about 170 specimens) are assigned to Homo antecessor. Different geochronological methods place these hominins in the oxygen isotopic stage 21, between 0.8 and 0.85 million years ago (Ma). The immature individual H3 is represented by an almost complete midface (ATD6‐69), preserving various teeth in situ. We used high‐resolution microtomograhy (mCT) to investigate the abnormal position of the left M3, virtually reconstruct M2, and M3 as well as assessing the development stage of these. Finally, we compare this case with extinct and extant populations. Results Based on the identified signs, we suggest that individual H3 suffered from a unilateral impaction of the M2 as a result of the ectopic position of the developing M3. Discussion We conclude that the most likely etiology for the ectopic position of the M3 is the lack of space in the maxilla. We discuss possible contributing factors, such as morphometric aspects of the maxilla and the early mineralization of the M3, to support the M2 impaction. Finally, due to the early age at death of this individual we did not identify any secondary lesion associated with the M2 impaction.

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Orofacial pathology in Homo heidelbergensis: The case of Skull 5 from the Sima de los Huesos site (Atapuerca, Spain)

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

Comparative analysis of dentognathic pathologies in the Dmanisi mandibles

The Sima de los Huesos Crania: Analysis of the cranial breakage patterns

Ectopic maxillary third molar in Early PleistoceneHomo antecessorfrom Atapuerca‐Gran Dolina site (Burgos, Spain)

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