Orphans, HIVE and HAND: Who are the watch-keepers?

HIV encephalopathy with bilateral lower limb spasticity: gross motor function and antiretroviral therapy

“…However, not all children infected with HIV have access to ART, or may not have commenced ART early enough to protect against neurological complications . These and other factors may, in part, explain why HIVE remains a concern in resource‐limited settings, including South Africa . For example, 87 of 145 children assessed at a dedicated HIV neurology clinic at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa between 2008 and 2012 were diagnosed with HIVE, according to Centers for Disease Control criteria .…”

“…11 These and other factors may, in part, explain why HIVE remains a concern in resource-limited settings, including South Africa. [12][13][14] For example, 87 of 145 children assessed at a dedicated HIV neurology clinic at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa between 2008 and 2012 were diagnosed with HIVE, according to Centers for Disease Control criteria. 12 Furthermore, 55 (63%) of the children had bilateral lower limb (BLL) spasticity as part of the HIVE diagnosis.…”