2015
DOI: 10.1007/s00056-015-0283-7
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Orthodontic forces add to nicotine-induced loss of periodontal bone

Abstract: Additional loss of periodontal bone must be expected during orthodontic treatment of smokers. Clinicians should inform their patients of this increased risk and refrain from performing tooth movements before cessation of smoking.

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Cited by 44 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…However, it was not statistically significant, which could explain the similarity between C and OTM in the histomorphometric analysis. In another study, the RANKL/OPG ratio increased in a dose‐dependent manner, both in response to nicotine alone and after compression loading coapplication …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, it was not statistically significant, which could explain the similarity between C and OTM in the histomorphometric analysis. In another study, the RANKL/OPG ratio increased in a dose‐dependent manner, both in response to nicotine alone and after compression loading coapplication …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…Kirschneck et al observed a significant dose‐dependent inhibition of nicotine on OPG expression in periodontal ligament cells, ie, lower concentrations of nicotine expressed more OPG than at larger concentrations. In agreement with the previously discussed nicotine concentrations herein, this may have been a factor that influenced the present results because an immunostaining pattern of cells for greater OPG was observed in smoking conditions, and, consequently, the RANKL/OPG ratio was decreased.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Advantages of using mice as a model include the considerable background information on their biological system, a wide range of genetically engineered strains (e.g., gene knockouts for key receptors or signaling molecules) and availability of high‐quality chemical reagents . Although numerous animal studies have been carried out to investigate OF on periodontal cellular responses and bone loss under physiological conditions , only a few animal studies involving orthodontic treatment in the context of periodontal disease were performed, and most of them were performed in rats but not mice , presumably due to the technical challenges having to do with the relatively small size of the teeth and oral cavity of the mouse. To our knowledge, this is the first time a mouse model was established to investigate the potential mechanism of OF‐exacerbated PBL in experimental periodontitis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Letztlich bedeuten kieferorthopädische Kräfte bei chronischen Rauchern eine Therapie unter niedrigschwelligen parodontalen Entzündungsprozessen, was nach einer eigenen tierexperimentellen Studie zu einer Potenzierung der Entzündungsreaktion, der Osteoklastogenese und damit nicht nur der Zahnbewegung, sondern auch parodontaler Knochenverluste mit entsprechender Zahnlockerung bis hin zu einem Zahnverlust führen kann [21]. In weiteren eigenen tierexperimentellen Studien konnte mittels digitaler Volumentomografie (DVT) gezeigt werden, dass eine kieferorthopädische Zahnbewegung unter dem Einfluss von Nikotin im Umfang eines europäischen Durchschnittsrauchers zwar zu einer Beschleunigung der Zahnbewegung durch eine ge-steigerte Entzündungsreaktion im Parodont, Osteoklastogenese und Knochenresorption führte, diese jedoch unkontrolliert stattfand und somit mit signifikanten parodontalen Attachment-und Knochenverlusten sowie Zahnwurzelresorptionen erkauft wurde [22,23]. Der kieferorthopädische Behandler muss Raucher daher auf die besonderen Risiken und die Bedeutung der Nikotinabstinenz im Vorfeld und während einer KFO-Therapie hinweisen und diese als "conditio sine qua non" ansehen, um ansonsten resultierende Nebenwirkungen während der Therapie zu vermeiden.…”
Section: Auf Welche Weiteren Medikamentengruppen Sollte In Der Anamneunclassified