“…To get around problems with hypotheses and difficulty with the convergence of traditional iterative procedures, metaheuristic algorithms have been reported to identify the parameters of the PV cell/module 15,16,34‐36 . In general, several metaheuristic techniques, including Genetic Algorithm (GA), 37 Differential Evolutionary (DE) algorithm, 38 Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, 39 ant colony optimization, 40 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), 12 Bat Algorithm, 41 Cuckoo Search Optimization Algorithm, 42 Bacterial Foraging Algorithm, 43 Pattern Search Algorithm (PSA), 44 Tabu Search Algorithm, 45 Harmony Search Algorithm, 46 Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) algorithm, 47 Sunflower Optimization Algorithm, 48 Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO), 49‐51 hybrid GWO, 52 Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), 53‐55 Whale Optimization Algorithm, 56,57 Dragonfly Algorithm, 58 Firefly Optimization algorithm, 59 Fireworks Algorithm (FA), 60 Moth‐Flame Optimization (MFO) algorithm, 61 Multiverse Optimizer, 62 Sine‐Cosine Algorithm (SCA), 63 Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO), 64 Cat Swarm Algorithm (CSA), 65 JAYA algorithm, 66,67 Harris Hawk Optimizer (HHO), 31 Coyote Optimization Algorithm (COA), 68 Slime Mold Algorithm (SMA), 69‐71 RAO algorithm, 72,73 Atom Search Optimizer, 74 Manta Ray Foraging Algorithm, 32 Equilibrium Optimizer, 75,76 Spotted Hyena Algorithm, 77 Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA), 78 Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), 79 Gradient‐Based Optimizer (GBO), 80‐82 Hunger Games Search Optimizer (HGSO), 83,84 Runge–Kutta Optimization Algorithm (RKOA), 85 thermal exchange optimizer, 86 Honey Badger Optimizer (HBO), 87 Jumping Spider Optimizer (...…”