Orthogonal strategy development using reversed macroporous resin coupled with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography for the separation of ginsenosides from ginseng root extract

Abstract

Ginsenosides have been widely conceded as having various biological activities and are considered to be the active ingredient of ginseng. Nowadays, preparative high-performance liquid chromatography is considered to be a highly efficient method for ginseng saponins purification and preparation. However, in the process of practical application, due to the complex and varied composition of natural products and relatively simple pretreatment process, it is likely to block the chromatographic column and affect the separation efficiency and its service life. In this work, an orthogonal strategy was developed; in the first-dimension separation, reverse-phase macroporous resin was applied to remove impurities in ginseng crude extracts and classified ginseng extracts into protopanaxatriol and protopanaxadiol fractions. In the second-dimension separation, the obtained fractions were further separated by a preparative hydrophilic column, and finally yielded 11 pure compounds. Eight of them identified as ginsenoside Rh , Rg , Rd, Rc, Rb , Rb , Rg , and Re by standards comparison and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The purity of these ginsenosides was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection.

Development of an At-Column Dilution Modulator for Flexible and Precise Control of Dilution Factors to Overcome Mobile Phase Incompatibility in Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography

“…To investigate the application of the proposed ACD modulation with a real sample, red ginseng, a typical traditional Chinese medicine made of white ginseng by steaming at a high temperature, was chose to further evaluate the proposed system. Up to date, many methods have been developed to separate the chemical constituents in ginseng, which are mainly performed on a single RPLC or HILIC column. − However, due to the existence of many structurally similar compounds, the limited separation capability of a single separation mode seriously affected the separation of those compounds, resulting in the difficulty of constituents identification. Therefore, it is meaningful to develop a more sufficient separation method for such a complex sample.…”

A Novel Strategy for Quantitative Analysis of Major Ginsenosides in Panacis Japonici Rhizoma with a Standardized Reference Fraction

“…Macroporous resins have been found to be an efficient material to enrich ginsenosides from Panax spp. [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The D101 macroporous resin was selected for the separation of TPJS according to previous studies [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Large‐scale preparation of two minor polar polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. by macroporous resin column chromatography and high‐temperature preparative high‐speed counter‐current chromatography

“…The advantages of this technique include convenience, high adsorption capacity, low operational expense, less solvent consumption, the absence of chemical residues in the product, and easy regeneration [6]. More importantly, crude extracts could be applied directly [7][8][9][10]. Thus, it could be well developed for the enrichment of minor compounds with high polarity for its relatively lower rate of dead adsorption.…”