Orthotopic Liver Allografts in the Rat

Zimmermann, Franz; Davies, H S; Knöll, Peter; Gokel, J. M.; Schmidt, Traudel

doi:10.1097/00007890-198404000-00019

Cited by 110 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…It was already well known by then that canine liver allografts could self-induce tolerance during a 4-month postoperative course of azathioprine (105), and that this occurred even more frequently in untreated outbred pigs (106)(107)(108)(109)(110), many of which passed through spontaneously resolving rejection crises (109,111,112). First in pigs (104) and then in rodents (88,113,114), Calne, Zimmermann, and Kamada-and subsequently others (115, 116}-showed that the tolerization extended to other donor organs transplanted at the same time or later. Caine's hypothesis that soluble MHC class I antigen secreted by the hepatocytes was responsible (104,113,(117)(118)(119)(120) was weakened when Corry et aI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, the BN rat is highly susceptible to GVHD (10,15), allowing this usually "invisible" limb of the two-way immune reaction to be readily exposed for investigation. Finally, the HVG (rejection) limb in both strain directions is weak enough to allow the induction of tolerance to at least one kind of whole organ allograft of each strain after transplantation to recipients of the other strain, using either a short course of induction immunosuppression (3,11,86,87) or, in the case ofBN -+ LEW liver replacement, no treatment at all (7,88).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variable Chimerism, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Tolerance After Different Kinds of Cell and Whole Organ Transplantation From Lewis to Brown Norway Rats

et al. 1995

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Chimerism, Graft-Versus-Host Disease, and Tolerance After Different Kinds of Cell and Whole Organ Transplantation From Lewis to Brown Norway Rats

et al. 1995

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“…Importantly, these pigs were shown by Calne et al (45) to accept the skin or kidneys of the same donor. It was subsequently reported that such ''spontaneous'' liver engraftment occurs in every experiment in a limited number of rodent models (46)(47)(48). Heart (48,49) and kidney allografts (50) also have been shown to self-induce engraftment without treatment, albeit in a much shorter list of mouse strain combinations.…”

Section: The Split Of Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimerism and tolerance in transplantation

Starzl

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

129

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Studies in experimental models (1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)) demonstrated that acquired donor-specific allotolerance in immunologically immature or irradiated animals is strongly associated with donor leukocyte chimerism. Bone marrow transplantation in immune-deficient or cytoablated human recipients was a logical extension (1968). In contrast, clinical (1959) and then experimental organ transplantation was systematically accomplished in the apparent absence of leukocyte chimerism. Consequently, it was assumed for many years that success with organ and bone marrow transplantation involved fundamentally different mechanisms. With the discovery in 1992 of small numbers of donor leukocytes in the tissues or blood of long-surviving organ recipients (microchimerism), we concluded that organ engraftment was a form of leukocyte chimerismdependent partial tolerance. In this initially controversial paradigm, alloengraftment after both kinds of transplantation is the product of a double immune reaction in which responses, each to the other, of coexisting donor and recipient immune systems results in variable reciprocal clonal exhaustion, followed by peripheral clonal deletion. It was proposed with Rolf Zinkernagel that the individual alloresponses are the equivalent of the MHC-restricted T cell recognition of, and host response to, intracellular parasites and that the mechanisms of immune responsiveness, or nonresponsiveness, are governed by the migration and localization of the respective antigens. Elucidation of the mechanisms of nonresponsiveness (clonal exhaustion-deletion and immune ignorance) and their regulation removed much of the historical mystique of transplantation. The insight was then applied to improve the timing and dosage of immunosuppression of current human transplant recipients.

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“…After recipient hepatectomy the suprahepatic vena cava was anastomosed with a 8-0 vascular suture. The portal vein and infrahepatic vena cava cuffs were [3, 201 [3, 23, 211 and this study and this study [3,201 then secured with a free ligature. The bile duct was rejoined by end-to-end anastomosis over an internal stent.…”

Section: Liver Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Introduction (AUG and PVG, both RTIC), AUG reject PVG livers in Liver allografts can be spontaneously accepted in fully delayed fashion whereas in the reverse direction (AUG mismatched donor recipient combinations of rat inbred into PVG) the grafts show long-term survival [3]. This strains [l, 21.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%