Oscillations of levels and cool phases of the Laurentian Great Lakes caused by inflows from glacial Lakes Agassiz and Barlow-Ojibway

Lewis, C F M; Anderson, T. W.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2655-4_4

Cited by 34 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…During the lowstand, trees grew in the Straits of Mackinac (28b), and organic sediments accumulated at relatively low-elevation at northern and southern Huron basin sites (29c, 30f). A subsequent abrupt lake-level rise and inundation is recorded by a shift to more aquatic species in Georgian Bay peat at site 7 (Lewis and Anderson, 1989). The lake level rise at about 10 800 cal BP (9500 BP) was possibly in response to the onset of outburst floods from upstream glacial Lake Agassiz through its eastern outlets to Superior basin (Clayton, 1983;Teller and Thorleifson, 1983;Farrand and Drexler, 1985;Lewis and Anderson, 1989;Breckenridge et al, 2004;Breckenridge and Johnson, 2005).…”

Section: This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the continental interior, isobases of glacio-isostatic rebound are usually defined by the elevations of a differentially uplifted shoreline of a former lake (Goldthwait, 1907(Goldthwait, , 1910Leverett and Taylor, 1915;Hough, 1958;Walcott, 1972;Lewis and Anderson, 1989;Schaetzl et al, 2002). Sets of isobases selected for this study for basins within the Great Lakes watershed are illustrated in Figure 2A and 2B in which the lowest and highest elevations, trends of isobases, the name and uncalibrated radiocarbon age are shown for each lake.…”

Section: Isobases Of Glacio-isotatic Reboundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These constraints include sills at North Bay (dotted band), Dalles Rapids, Deane-Tovell Saddle, and the head of Mackinac River (Lewis and Anderson, 1989). The North Bay sill controlled the overflow level of the water in the combined Georgian Bay, Huron and Michigan basins during the Nipissing transgression (Karrow 1980;Monaghan et al, 1986;Colman et al, 1994aColman et al, , 1994b.…”

Section: Cartes Paléo-géographiques De La Reconstitution De La Bathymmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lake level rise at about 10 800 cal BP (9500 BP) was possibly in response to the onset of outburst floods from upstream glacial Lake Agassiz through its eastern outlets to Superior basin (Clayton, 1983;Teller and Thorleifson, 1983;Farrand and Drexler, 1985;Lewis and Anderson, 1989;Breckenridge et al, 2004;Breckenridge and Johnson, 2005). The rise of lake level during high-discharge events may be related to constrictions in the Mattawa River valley at the Rutherglen Moraine (Harrison, 1972;Chapman, 1975) and in Ottawa River valley at the Rankin Constriction (Lewis and Anderson, 1989) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paleogeography of individual basins and of the entire Great Lakes watershed may likewise be reconstructed for any desired age. Applications of the isostatic response surface and the exponential model of uplift are illustrated for: (1) digital reconstruction of Great Lakes Clayton, 1983;Teller and Thorleifson, 1983;Teller, 1985;Thorleifson, 1996 Vincent andHardy, 1979;Veillette, 1994;Dyke, 1996Calkin, 1970Barnett, 1979;Calkin andFeenstra, 1985 Goldthwait, 1910;Stanley, 1936Stanley, , 1937Stanley, , 1938aDeane, 1950;Chapman, 1975;Karrow et al, 1975;Karrow 1980;Chapman and Putnam, 1984;Eschman and Karrow, 1985;Kaszycki, 1985;Karrow, 1986Karrow, , 1987Lewis and Anderson, 1989;Lewis et al 1994Goldthwait, 1907Leverett and Taylor, 1915;Stanley, 1938b;Evenson, 1973;Futyma, 1981;Hansel et al, 1985;Taylor, 1990;Kehew, 1993;Colman et al 1994aColeman, 1937Muller and Prest, 1985;Pair et al, 1988;Rodrigues, 1993 Harrison, 1972;Chapman, 1975;Vincent and Hardy, 1979;Barnett, 1988;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacial Isostatic Adjustment of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: Using the Empirical Record of Strandline Deformation for Reconstruction of Early Holocene Paleo-Lakes and Discovery of a Hydrologically Closed Phase*

Lewis

Blasco

Gareau³

2007

gpq

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In the Great Lakes region, the vertical motion of crustal rebound since the last glaciation has decelerated with time, and is described by exponential decay constrained by observed warping of strandlines of former lakes. A composite isostatic response surface relative to an area southwest of Lake Michigan beyond the limit of the last glacial maximum was prepared for the complete Great Lakes watershed at 10.6 ka BP (12.6 cal ka BP). Uplift of sites computed using values from the response surface facilitated the transformation of a digital elevation model of the present Great Lakes basins to represent the paleogeography of the watershed at selected times. Similarly, the original elevations of radiocarbon-dated geomorphic and stratigraphic indicators of former lake levels were reconstructed and plotted against age to define lake level history. A comparison with the independently computed basin outlet paleo-elevations reveals a phase of severely reduced water levels and hydrologically-closed lakes below overflow outlets between 7.9 and 7.0 ka BP (8.7 and 7.8 cal ka BP) in the Huron-Michigan basin. Severe evaporative draw-down is postulated to result from the early Holocene dry climate when inflows of meltwater from the upstream Agassiz basin began to bypass the upper Great Lakes basin.Dans la région des Grands Lacs, le soulèvement isostatique lié à la dernière glaciation a ralenti selon une courbe de décroissance exponentielle établie à partir du gauchissement observé dans les anciennes lignes de rivage lacustres. Une surface de référence composite de la réponse isostatique datant de 10,6 ka BP (12,6 cal ka BP) a été préparée pour l’ensemble du bassin-versant des Grands Lacs, par rapport à une région au sud-ouest du lac Michigan située au-delà de la limite du dernier maximum glaciaire. Le calcul du soulèvement des sites en fonction des altitudes de la surface de référence a facilité la conversion d’un modèle altimétrique de terrain du bassin actuel des Grands Lacs en des cartes paléo-géographiques pour différents âges choisis. De plus, afin de définir l’évolution des niveaux lacustres, les altitudes initiales des indicateurs géomorphologiques et stratigraphiques des paléo-niveaux lacustres, datés au 14C, ont été reconstituées puis reportées en fonction de l’âge. La comparaison de cette courbe à celles des paléo-altitudes des exutoires lacustres, calculée indépendamment, révèle, entre 7,9 et 7 ka BP (8,7 et 7,8 cal ka BP), une phase d’abaissement majeur des niveaux lacustres au-dessous de ceux des exutoires et la fermeture hydrologique des lacs dans le bassin des lacs Huron-Michigan. La forte évaporation nécessaire à l’abaissement du niveau d’eau est attribuée à un climat sec peu après le début de l’Holocène, dans un contexte de détournement progressif hors des Grands Lacs des eaux de fonte du lac Agassiz

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Section: This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isobases Of Glacio-isotatic Reboundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cartes Paléo-géographiques De La Reconstitution De La Bathymmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacial Isostatic Adjustment of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: Using the Empirical Record of Strandline Deformation for Reconstruction of Early Holocene Paleo-Lakes and Discovery of a Hydrologically Closed Phase*

Lewis

Blasco

Gareau³

2007

gpq

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LakeCC: a tool for efficiently identifying lake basins with application to palaeogeographic reconstructions of North America

Hinck

Gowan

Lohmann

2019

J Quaternary Science

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Along the margins of continental ice sheets, lakes formed in isostatically depressed basins during glacial retreat. Their shorelines and extent are sensitive to the ice margin and the glacial history of the region. Proglacial lakes, in turn, also impact the glacial isostatic adjustment due to loading, and ice dynamics by posing a marine‐like boundary condition at the ice margin. In this study we present a tool that efficiently identifies lake basins and the corresponding maximum water level for a given ice sheet and topography reconstruction. This algorithm, called the LakeCC model, iteratively checks the whole map for a set of increasing water levels and fills isolated basins until they overflow into the ocean. We apply it to the present‐day Great Lakes and the results show good agreement (∼1−4%) with measured lake volume and depth. We then apply it to two topography reconstructions of North America between the Last Glacial Maximum and the present. The model successfully reconstructs glacial lakes such as Lake Agassiz, Lake McConnell and the predecessors of the Great Lakes. LakeCC can be used to judge the quality of ice sheet reconstructions. © 2019 The Authors Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Wisconsinan Late‐glacial environmental chage in Québec: A regional synthesis

Richard

1994

J Quaternary Science

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A synthesis is presented of the evidence for regional deglaciation, lake sediment stratigraphy, vegetation history and climatic variations in Quebec during that part of the Wisconsinan Late-glacial (12.5-9 ka BP) for which detailed records exist. Lake sediment data for all or part of this period are available from more than 125 lakes or bogs in the region. The information available indicates strong regional differentiation in climatic conditions, probably due to local effects close to the edge of the retreating Late Wisconsinan ice sheet. The Younger Dryas cooling is not evident in the data from QuCbec, but there appears to have been a strong climatic reversal during the early Holocene. Summary charts are presented of deglaciation and vegetation patterns in the region, but only qualitative assessments can be made of temperature variations.Journal of Quaternary Science 7

show abstract

Oscillations of levels and cool phases of the Laurentian Great Lakes caused by inflows from glacial Lakes Agassiz and Barlow-Ojibway

Cited by 34 publications

References 58 publications

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: Using the Empirical Record of Strandline Deformation for Reconstruction of Early Holocene Paleo-Lakes and Discovery of a Hydrologically Closed Phase*

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: Using the Empirical Record of Strandline Deformation for Reconstruction of Early Holocene Paleo-Lakes and Discovery of a Hydrologically Closed Phase*

LakeCC: a tool for efficiently identifying lake basins with application to palaeogeographic reconstructions of North America

Wisconsinan Late‐glacial environmental chage in Québec: A regional synthesis

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