Osmium isotope evidence for a crustal origin of platinum group elements in the Sudbury nickel ore, Ontario, Canada

Dickin, A. P.; Richardson, Jean M.; Crocket, J. H.; McNutt, Robert H.; Peredery, Walter V.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90396-z

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This result is in accordance with geochemical and isotopic data for the SIC, indicating that material from the 1.85 g.y. subcontinental mantle did not contribute to the impact melt (e.g., Faggart et al, 1985;Deutsch, 1994;Walker et al, 1991;Dickin et al, 1992Dickin et al, , 1996Ostermann, 1996). The maximum depth of the transient cavity for a cratering event such as Sudbury amounts to about 40-50 km (see, Lakomy, 1990;Deutsch and Grieve, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudbury impact event: Cratering mechanics and thermal history

Ivanov¹,

Deutsch²

1999

Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution; II

129

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The Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) is interpreted as the solidified impact melt body of the 1.850-g.y.-old Sudbury impact structure. First results of cratering and thermal modeling for this ~250-km sized multi-ring structure are presented. The numerical calculations were done for the vertical impact of a stony (granite) body (cylindrical projectile, 12.5 km in diameter and height) impacting at a granite target with a velocity of 20 km s -1 . These simulations yield estimates of the transient cavity dimensions and the temperature field below the impact structure just after the modification stage. One-dimensional heat transfer modeling sets constraints for the thermal history of the impact melt. Cooling of the melt sheet, the present SIC, from the initial temperature of 2,000°K to the liquidus at 1,450°K lasted several 100 k.y, and below the solidus at 1,270°K, about 300 k.y. to 2 m.y., depending on the initial melt thickness H(SIC). The cooling sequence was modeled for H(SIC) of 2.5, 4, and 6 km. Given this long duration of cooling, postimpact tectonic processes during the Penokean orogeny may well have deformed the melt sheet prior to its final solidification. Prolonged cooling as well as this large-scale deformation may explain the present structural position and the composition of the Offset Dikes, consisting of differentiated impact melt.Ivanov, B. A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudbury impact event: Cratering mechanics and thermal history

Ivanov¹,

Deutsch²

1999

Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution; II

129

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“…Three samples from Creighton (C1, 2, 13) represent aliquots of material previously analyzed for Re-Os by ICP-MS (Dickin et al, 1992). There are systematic offsets between the old and new data of 4-7% for isotope ratios and 8-18% for elemental ratios and initial ratios.…”

Section: Sample Selection and Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, Faggart et al (1985), Dickin et al (1992), and Deutsch (1994) attributed the complex entirely to impact-induced crustal melting, whereas Rao et al (1984) and Walker et al (1991) argued for a limited mantle-derived contribution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic evidence for a single impact melting origin of the Sudbury Igneous Complex

Dickin¹,

Nguyen²,

Crocket³

1999

Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution; II

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“…Walker et al (1991) showed that Re-Os isotope systematics required that the ancient crust had contributed 60-75% of the Os contained in the McCreedy West and Falconbridge ores, and probably nearly 100% of that contained in the Strathcona ores. Dickin et al (1992) pointed out that, given the uncertainties involved in assumptions about the Os content and isotopic composition of continental crust, the Os isotopic data are consistent with 100% of the Os being of crustal origin. Morgan et al (2002) concluded, on the basis of a very precise NITMS study of the 186 Os/ 188 Os and 187 Os/ 188 Os values in the Sudbury samples, that the Os is clearly crustal, and can be explained as a binary mixture of Archean Superior and Huronian metasedimentary rocks.…”

Section: Sudburymentioning

confidence: 95%

A HISTORY OF OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MAGMATIC Ni-Cu SULFIDE DEPOSITS

Naldrett¹

2005

The Canadian Mineralogist

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Progress in the understanding of the origins of magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits underwent a major acceleration with the advent of the 1960s. Prior to this decade, thinking had largely been influenced by observations on the Sudbury area, in Ontario, which was by far the dominant Ni producer. Discussion focused on the nature of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, and whether the ores were gravitational segregates from the complex, or whether they had been introduced by hot aqueous fluids. During the 1960s, the concept that Sudbury is an astrobleme was first proposed, the discovery of the Talnakh ore junction (Russia) elevated Noril'sk from minor to major status, and a new class of deposit related to komatiitic volcanism was recognized at Kambalda (Australia). The 1960s were also a turning point with respect to research funding, which led to an explosion both in the amount of research conducted, and in its global nature. Thereafter, progress was stimulated by the new thinking about Sudbury, and the very different environments of ore deposition observed at Noril'sk and Kambalda. It has turned out that a number of broad themes have evolved under which much of the progress over the past 40 years can be grouped. (i) Magmas rising directly from the mantle are unlikely to reach crustal depths saturated in sulfide, and contamination with crustal rocks is required for sulfide immiscibility to occur early in the crystallization process. (ii) With appropriate experimentally derived partition-coefficients, the relationship between the compositions of magma and sulfide can be modeled, and this modeling provides important constraints on geologically based hypotheses. (iii) The development of sulfide immiscibility commonly leaves a mark on the composition of the source magma and the rocks crystallizing from it that can act as a signpost for exploration. (iv) Sudbury is unique, probably because of the high degree of superheat that it experienced; sulfides have settled and accumulated over much of the base of the complex; in most other deposits, it has been the flow of magma carrying immiscible sulfides that has caused the sulfides to concentrate in economically exploitable proportions. The physical environment represented by a given part of an igneous body is therefore important when considering its potential. (v) Once concentrated, sulfide magmas cool and fractionate, and the fractionated residual liquid may migrate away from the initial site of crystallization to form rich concentrations of Cu, Pt, Pd and Au elsewhere. Observations at Voisey's Bay (Canada) over the past 10 years have confirmed the importance of these five themes.Du point de vue des connaissances à propos de l'origine des gisements magmatiques de sulfures de Ni-Cu, il y a eu des progrès importants au cours des années soixante. Avant cette époque, les interprétations ont été fortement influencées par les observations faites à Sudbury (Ontario), camp minier ayant alors la production la plus élevée en Ni. La discussion portait sur la nature du complexe igné de Sudbury, et ...

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Osmium isotope evidence for a crustal origin of platinum group elements in the Sudbury nickel ore, Ontario, Canada

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Sudbury impact event: Cratering mechanics and thermal history

Sudbury impact event: Cratering mechanics and thermal history

Isotopic evidence for a single impact melting origin of the Sudbury Igneous Complex

A HISTORY OF OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MAGMATIC Ni-Cu SULFIDE DEPOSITS

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