Otoritarianisme dan Dukungan terhadap Demokrasi: Kajian Meta Analisis

Abstract

Authoritarians tend to have submissive attitude toward authority, conservative, and ready to punish groups that have different moral attitudes. These characteristics are not conducive for development of democratic society. This meta-analytical study tries to test relation between authoritarianism and support for democratic values. From 60 articles with 117 studies and 74432 total participants, we found that authoritarianism have negative significant correlation with support for democratic values (Mean effect size=-.3892; p< 0.05). Authoritarianism correlates negatively with support for civic liberty and human rights. Authoritarianism also correlates positively with support for blind nationalism, military interventions, prejudice and discrimination toward groups from different races, immigrants and homosexuals. Authoritarianism can be hindrance for democratization processes. Keywords: authoritarianism, civil rights, democracy, discrimination, human rights PengantarDukungan 1 pada demokrasi merupakan salah satu kebijaksanaan masyarakat yang diperlukan bagi penguatan demokrasi di suatu negara. Hanya saja tidak mudah menumbuhkannya manakala di dalam masyarakat tersebut juga tumbuh nilai-nilai yang bersifat otoritarian, seperti nilai ketaatan, nilai-nilai moralitas konvensional dan kecenderungan agresif terhadap hal-hal yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan norma umum masyarakat (Altemeyer, 2006). Studi yang dilakukan Welzel (2007) menunjukkan dukungan masyarakat terhadap pemerintah demokratis, maupun terhadap nilai-nilai demokrasi seperti nilai kebebasan sipil, toleransi terhadap perbedaan, sikap percaya pada sesama serta partisipasi dalam kehidupan sosial, berkorelasi dengan indeks 1 Korespondensi mengenai artikel ini dapat dilakukan

The Urgency of Abou El Fadl's Hermeneutics in the Book "In the Name of God"

“…Authoritarianism has connotations closely related to political matters. Frenkel-Brunswick, Adorno, Altemeyer, Sanford, and Levinson interpret authoritarianism as part of a tendency to obey and submit to authority or specific groups, often in the form of influential individuals, with a tendency towards aggression against those perceived as different (Hartoko, 2016). Similarly, authoritarianism in the context of Islamic law enforcement, carried out by CRLO in this case, is manifested through the issuance of misogynistic fatwas.…”