Out of the Blue: The Failure of the Introduced Sea Anemone <i>Sagartia elegans</i> (Dalyell, 1848) in Salem Harbor, Massachusetts

Wells, Christopher D.; Harris, Larry G.

doi:10.1086/705515

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…5 Map of the native distribution of species of sea anemones (circles or shading) and the approximate locations of established introductions (starred), coded by color for each species according to the map legend. References for distributions are: Diadumene leucolena (Field 1949 ; Hand 1956 ; Sassaman and Mangum 1970 ; Carlton 1979a , b ; Wasson et al 2001 ; Carlton and Eldredge 2009 ); Diadumene franciscana , native range not yet known (Hand 1956 ; Carlton 1979b ; Godwin et al 2006 ); Diadumene paranaensis , native range not yet known (Gonzalez-Muñoz et al 2012 ; Rodríguez et al 2012 ; Beneti et al 2015 ); Sagartia ornata (Stephenson 1935 ; Acuña et al 2004 ; Mead et al 2011 ); Sagartia elegans (confirmed but not established; Ates et al 1998 ; Pederson et al 2005 ; Wells 2013 ; Grebelnyi and Kovtun 2013 ; Wells and Harris 2019 ); Anemonia alicemartinae, native range unknown (Häussermann and Försterra 2001 , 2005 ; Canales-Aguirre et al 2015 ). In the present paper, the introduced locations of S. ornata is referred to as Sagartia sp.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large population of a non-native Sagartia , identified as S. elegans (Dalyell, 1848), was discovered in a marina in the Gulf of Maine, in Salem, Massachusetts, in 2000 (Pederson et al 2005 ; Wells and Harris 2019 ); previous to this discovery, no members of the genus Sagartia were known from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. However, the population disappeared by 2010, likely due to the warm water effluent flowing into the marina (which had kept the area warmer than ambient in the winter) ceasing when an adjacent power plant shut down (Wells and Harris, 2019 ; C. Wells, personal communication). In its native European range, S. elegans undergoes boom-and-bust cycles, disappearing following harsh winters or expanding at the range edges during mild winters, with a notable sensitivity to extreme cold (Ates et al 1998 ).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediators of invasions in the sea: life history strategies and dispersal vectors facilitating global sea anemone introductions

et al. 2020

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Widespread non-native species tend to demonstrate an apparent lack of selectivity in habitat requirements, feeding regimes, and reproductive needs, while displaying a tendency to thrive in human-modified habitats. The high phenotypic plasticity typical of sessile, substrate-attached marine species may enhance their chances of survival and spread in a new region. Anthropogenic activities have changed marine habitats over a wide range of phenomena, including water temperature, community species composition, and the types of available substrates, creating new physical and biotic regimes that may contribute to the potential for successful species introduction. Here we examine ten species of sea anemones that have been introduced outside of their native range, and elucidate specific characteristics that are common among globally introduced sea anemones. Various life history strategies enable these species to survive and flourish through transport, introduction, establishment and spread, leading to the successful colonization of a new geographic area. Considering life history strategies and weighing of vector potential, we suggest conditions that facilitate introduction of these species, and identify species of sea anemones that may be introduced in the future in the face of changing climate and increased anthropogenic activities.

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators of invasions in the sea: life history strategies and dispersal vectors facilitating global sea anemone introductions

et al. 2020

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The chronicles of a small invader: the canal, the core and the tsunami

et al. 2022

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The assessment of marine bioinvasion diversity and history

Carlton,

Schwindt

2023

Biol Invasions

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A significant challenge in comparing and contrasting regional reviews of non-native marine species diversity is that evaluation methods vary widely, resulting in highly inconsistent taxonomic, habitat and historical coverage even in ostensibly well-studied regions. It is thus difficult to interpret whether strikingly different numbers of non-native species in different regions reflect differential invasion patterns or different assessment criteria and capabilities. We provide a comprehensive guide to the methods and techniques to assess the diversity and timing history of non-native and cryptogenic marine species. We emphasize the need to broaden taxonomic and habitat breadth when documenting invasions, to use a broader and deeper search term menu (including using older terms), to thoroughly access global systematic and invasion literature for local, regional records, and to delve deeper into invasion timing to avoid the use of dates-of-publication to assess invasion tempo and rates. Fundamental in all invasions work is the reassessment of the status of ostensibly native species which in fact may have been introduced decades or centuries earlier. We expand to 14 categories the criteria for the recognition of non-native species. Without thorough and vetted modern and historical assessments of the scale of invasions across temperate, subtropical, and tropical marine ecosystems, our ability to look deep into marine community ecology, evolution, and biogeography is strikingly compromised, as is our ability to frame robust invasion policy and management plans.

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Out of the Blue: The Failure of the Introduced Sea Anemone Sagartia elegans (Dalyell, 1848) in Salem Harbor, Massachusetts

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Mediators of invasions in the sea: life history strategies and dispersal vectors facilitating global sea anemone introductions

Mediators of invasions in the sea: life history strategies and dispersal vectors facilitating global sea anemone introductions

The chronicles of a small invader: the canal, the core and the tsunami

The assessment of marine bioinvasion diversity and history

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