Outbreak Investigation of Lassa Fever in Ebonyi State

Solomon, Joseph Gbenga

doi:10.21522/tijph.2013.se.19.02.art021

Cited by 3 publications

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“…This age group, being made up of the work force contains those who are most mobile and have a higher chance of contracting infectious disease. Similar findings had been reported in Ebonyi State, Nigeria 22 The case fatality rate (CFR) for this outbreak was 19%. This is indeed high and worrisome particularly because of the devastating effect on households that are affected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Profile of Confirmed Cases during Lassa fever Outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State

Alenoghena

2024

J. Med. Biomed. Res.

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Background: Lassa fever (LF) is an acute viral haemorraghic fever caused by the Lassa virus. The objective of this study was to describe the profile of confirmed cases of Lassa fever during an outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State. Methods: A descriptive review of records of cases of Lassa fever between 1st of January to 4th of March, 2019 was done. Confirmation of cases was done using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Data analysis was by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and descriptive statistics was done. Results: Out of a total of 150 suspected cases of Lassa fever recorded during the period, 63 (42.0%) were confirmed. Among the confirmed cases, the mean age was 28±16.4 years and 34 (54.0%) were males. The incidence of the disease was highest among those within the ages of 15-45 (66.7%) years. The highest proportions of confirmed cases were from Jattu 25 (39.7%) and Auchi 24 (38.1%) communities. The case fatality rate was 12 (19%). Conclusion: The incidence of Lassa fever was highest among the productive age group with about one in five deaths recorded during the outbreak. The State Government should step-up environmental sanitation activities in Jattu and Auchi Communities in Etsako West LGA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…24 But slightly higher than previously reported rates for hospitalized patients of 1%-15%. 14 and lower than values (22.1%) reported in Ebonyi State 22 and during epidemics (50%) . 2, 4, 25 The communities with the highest incidences of Lassa fever during the epidemic were Jattu and Auchi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Profile of Confirmed Cases during Lassa fever Outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State

Alenoghena

2024

J. Med. Biomed. Res.

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Descriptive epidemiology of Lassa fever, its trend, seasonality, and mortality predictors in Ebonyi State, South- East, Nigeria, 2018—2022

Ezenwa-Ahanene,

Salawu,

Adebowale

2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Nigeria is an epicenter for Lassa fever. Ebonyi state is located in the South-Eastern region of Nigeria where a high burden of Lassa fever has been reported. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the epidemiology of Lassa fever, its seasonality, trend, and mortality predictors in Ebonyi state, South-East, Nigeria. Method We analyzed data extracted from Ebonyi State Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system over five years (2018–2022). A total of 1578 reported Lassa fever cases were captured in the IDSR out of which 300 were laboratory-confirmed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, additive time series model, quadratic equation, and logistic regression model (α 0.05 ). Spatial distribution of reported Lassa fever cases was conducted using Arc G.I.S. Results The mean age of the individuals with the reported cases of Lassa fever was 29.4 ± 17.8 years. Lassa fever showed a seasonal trend across the years. The quadratic model provided the best fit for predicting Lassa fever cumulative cases (R 2 = 98.4%, P-value < 0.05). Projected cases of Lassa fever for the year 2023 were 123 in the 1st quarter, 23 in the 2nd quarter, 42 in the 3rd quarter, and 17 in the 4th quarter. The seasonality index was + 70.76, -28.42, -9.09, and -33.2 in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quarters respectively. The reported cases of Lassa fever followed a declining trend (slope = -0.1363). Farmers were 70% less likely to die from Lassa fever compared to those not working (aOR:0.3, CI: 0.17–0.83). The hot spots for Lassa fever were Abakaliki and Ezza Local Government Areas. Conclusion Although the reported Lassa fever cases followed a declining trend in Ebonyi state, there was a seasonality in the disease pattern. Being a farmer was protective against the risk of dying from Lassa fever. While efforts to eliminate and mitigate the spread of the disease in Ebonyi state should be strengthened, more attention should target the peak period of the disease.

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Trend and Descriptive Epidemiology of Lassa fever in Ebonyi State, 2018 - 2022

Ezenwa-Ahanene,

Salawu,

Adebowale

2024

Preprint

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Background Lassa fever’s emergence in Nigeria has been a public health concern over the years. Ebonyi state is located in the South-Eastern zone of Nigeria where a high burden of Lassa fever has been reported. Assessment of trend and risk factors for Lassa fever are yet to be fully explored in the state. We investigated the trend and descriptive epidemiology of Lassa Fever in Ebonyi state, South-East, Nigeria. Method This study was analysis of data extracted from Ebonyi State Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system over a five-year period (2018-2022). A total of 1578 reported Lassa fever cases was captured in the IDSR out of which 300 were laboratory-confirmed. The trend and seasonality of Lassa fever were assessed using an additive time series model to ascertain the quarter of the year when the disease is expected to be at its peak. Lassa fever cases were predicted using the identified fitted model among the linear, quadratic, cubic and exponential models (α0.05). Results The mean age of the individuals with the reported cases of Lassa fever was 29.4 ± 17.8 years. Lassa fever showed a seasonal trend across the years. The quadratic model provided the best fit for predicting Lassa fever cumulative cases (R2 = 98.4%, P-value <0.05). Projected cases of Lassa fever for the year 2023 were 123 in the 1st quarter, 23 in the 2nd quarter, 42 in the 3rd quarter, and 17 in the 4th quarter. The seasonality index was +70.76, -28.42, -9.09, and -33.2 in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quarters respectively. The reported cases of Lassa fever followed a declining trend (slope= -0.1363). Farmers were 70% less likely to die from Lassa fever compared to those not working (aOR:0.3, CI: 0.17-0.83). Conclusion: Although the reported Lassa fever cases followed a declining trend in Ebonyi state, there was a seasonality in the trend over the study period. Adequate preparedness to mitigate the spread of the disease during the peak period of the disease is recommended.

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Outbreak Investigation of Lassa Fever in Ebonyi State

Cited by 3 publications

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Profile of Confirmed Cases during Lassa fever Outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State

Profile of Confirmed Cases during Lassa fever Outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State

Descriptive epidemiology of Lassa fever, its trend, seasonality, and mortality predictors in Ebonyi State, South- East, Nigeria, 2018—2022

Trend and Descriptive Epidemiology of Lassa fever in Ebonyi State, 2018 - 2022

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