Outbreak of botulism type B in a dairy cattle herd: clinical and epidemiological aspects

Yeruham, I.; Elad, D.; Avidar, Y.; Grinberg, K. N.; Tiomkin, D.; Monbaz, A

doi:10.1136/vr.153.9.270

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thus, types A, B, and E are associated primarily with human intoxications (the last linked to the marine environment); botulism associated with types B and D is more prevalent in herbivores (horses and cattle), and type C is more prevalent in birds and is found rarely in carnivores (7). The most common animal species affected in Israel is the bovine (toxins D, C, and, more rarely, B) (16).…”

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Natural Clostridium botulinum Type C Toxicosis in a Group of Cats

Elad¹,

Yas-Natan

Aroch

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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Clinical signs of botulism were observed in a group of eight cats, four of which died, after being fed pelican carrion. Clostridium botulinum type C was isolated from one cat. The microorganism and its toxin were found in the pelican. This is apparently the first report of natural botulism in cats. CASE REPORTSA dead adult white pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) was found beneath high-tension electricity lines near some fishponds and was taken for a study of the skeleton. On the next day necropsy revealed only generalized muscle hyperemia (thought to be consistent with death by electrocution). Muscle tissue (3 to 4 kg) of the pelican was offered to a group of eight "backyard" cats, which eagerly ingested all the meat.On the following day (day 3), all the cats were mildly depressed and anorexic. One cat was recumbent and showed a flaccid paralysis, initially evident in the hind limbs, and dyspnea. No other clinical manifestations were seen. On day 4, another cat showed similar signs, progressing to quadriplegia, and three more were affected to a lesser degree. On day 5 the two very sick cats died, and by then all the other six cats presented mild to severe signs. On the night of day 5, two more cats died. On day 6, three cats were much improved clinically.The remaining sick cat, a 5-month-old intact male domestic shorthair, was presented to the Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Physical examination revealed hypothermia (35.8°C), tachycardia (200 beats/min), and mild dehydration (6%). The cat was quadriparetic, with some voluntary movement of the front limbs, but not in the hind limbs. The withdrawal reflexes were absent in the hind limbs but were present, although very weak, in the front limbs. The patellar and sciatic reflexes were weak, and the cranial tibial and gastrocnemius reflexes were absent in both hind limbs. The tricep and bicep reflexes were very weak in both front limbs. Superficial and deep pain sensation was present in all limbs. The hopping and wheelbarrow responses could not be evaluated, as the cat could not stand. Cranial reflexes were normal. A complete blood count was performed and revealed only a mild mature neutrophilic leucocytosis (18 ϫ 10 9

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confidence: 99%

Natural Clostridium botulinum Type C Toxicosis in a Group of Cats

Elad¹,

Yas-Natan

Aroch

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Por outro lado, estes resultados refletem apenas a situação no momento da coleta. Embora a ingestão de doses subletais da toxina botulínica (tipo B) esteja associada à diminuição na produção de leite e aumento na contagem de células somáticas de bovinos leiteiros (Yeruham et al 2003), são desconhecidos os danos causados ao gado de corte. No entanto, pode-se deduzir que a ingestão contínua, mesmo de dose subletal, tenha como conseqüência o aumento da susceptibilidade dos animais a uma eventual intoxicação letal.…”

Section: Resul Resul Resul Resul Results T T T Tados E Discus Ados E Dunclassified

Esporos e toxinas de Clostridium botulinum dos tipos C e D em cacimbas no Vale do Araguaia, Goiás

Souza

Marques

Döbereiner³

et al. 2006

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Foram avaliadas a ocorrência e distribuição de esporos e toxinas de Clostridium botulinum tipos C e D em 300 cacimbas empregadas como bebedouro de bovinos em 130 propriedades rurais localizadas em 12 municípios do Vale do Araguaia, Estado de Goiás. A presença de esporos foi determinada indiretamente pelo cultivo em meio de cultura, seguido da inoculação e neutralização em camundongo das amostras de sedimento do interior das cacimbas, e do solo superficial e fezes de bovinos, coletadas ao seu redor. A presença de toxina foi avaliada diretamente pela inoculação em camundongo do sedimento filtrado das cacimbas, também seguida da neutralização em camundongo com antitoxinas C e D. A presença de esporos de C. botulinum foi significativamente maior (p<0,05) nas fezes de bovinos (31%), quando comparadas com os resultados das amostras de solo superficial (19%) e dos sedimentos (10%). Foram detectadas toxinas botulínicas dos tipos C, D, ou classificadas como pertencentes ao complexo CD, em seis amostras (2%) das 300 cacimbas. Das 130 propriedades trabalhadas, em 122(93,85%) foram encontrados esporos ou toxinas de Clostridium botulinum em pelo menos uma das variáveis pesquisadas, enquanto somente 8(6,15%) não apresentaram qualquer contaminação A idade e profundidade das cacimbas estiveram associadas com a freqüência de detecção de esporos e toxinas. Assim, quanto mais velhas e rasas, maior a freqüência do isolamento de esporos e toxinas. A contaminação das cacimbas do Vale do Araguaia goiano com esporos e toxinas do Clostridium botulinum tipos C e D demonstra o risco potencial permanente e crescente para a ocorrência da intoxicação botulínica de origem hídrica nos bovinos.

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“…In recent years, large botulism outbreaks were recorded in cattle herds (Yeruham et al . ; Steinman et al . ) and sporadic cases were recorded in other species including cats, lions and in a dog (Elad et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak of equine botulism type D in Israel

Shnaiderman‐Torban

Elad

Kelmer

et al. 2017

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary An outbreak of type D botulism involved 12 horses in an equine farm in Israel. Clinical signs included progressive weakness and decreased tongue and tail tonus. Ten of the horses died. Supportive care was provided, without antitoxin administration, since it was not available. In two samples of the gastrointestinal content, the presence of Clostridium botulinum type D toxin producing bacteria was demonstrated by the mouse bioassay test. Botulism represents a severe concern, due to high mortality rate and public health problem. Since clinical signs are insufficient to make a definitive diagnosis, laboratory confirmation is required. Prevention of exposure, immunisation and early aggressive treatment may decrease mortality.

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Outbreak of botulism type B in a dairy cattle herd: clinical and epidemiological aspects

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

Natural Clostridium botulinum Type C Toxicosis in a Group of Cats

Natural Clostridium botulinum Type C Toxicosis in a Group of Cats

Esporos e toxinas de Clostridium botulinum dos tipos C e D em cacimbas no Vale do Araguaia, Goiás

An outbreak of equine botulism type D in Israel

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