Outbreak of tularemia: a case–control study and environmental investigation in Turkey

Leblebicioğlu, Hakan; Esen, Şaban; Turan, Derya Bayırlı; Tanyeri, Y.; Karadenizli, Aynur; Ziyagil, Fatma; Göral, Güher

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2007.06.013

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Males in general and rural populations were found to be more often occupationally exposed (mentioned 11 times), urban populations to be affected through recreational outdoor activities, like hunting and fishing (mentioned 10 times). Contact with domestic animals has on occasion been implicated as a risk factor in connection with tularemia outbreaks in humans [18,[76][77][78][79]. The few papers or case reports on seropositivity to F. tularensis in domestic animals in European countries (see Table 3) often resulted from investigations of potential risk factors for human outbreaks.…”

Section: Human Disease and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYThe bacterium Francisella tularensis causes the vector-borne zoonotic disease tularemia, and may infect a wide range of hosts including invertebrates, mammals and birds. Transmission to humans occurs through contact with infected animals or contaminated environments, or through arthropod vectors. Tularemia has a broad geographical distribution, and there is evidence which suggests local emergence or re-emergence of this disease in Europe. This review was developed to provide an update on the geographical distribution of F. tularensis in humans, wildlife, domestic animals and vector species, to identify potential public health hazards, and to characterize the epidemiology of tularemia in Europe. Information was collated on cases in humans, domestic animals and wildlife, and on reports of detection of the bacterium in arthropod vectors, from 38 European countries for the period 1992-2012. Multiple international databases on human and animal health were consulted, as well as published reports in the literature. Tularemia is a disease of complex epidemiology that is challenging to understand and therefore to control. Many aspects of this disease remain poorly understood. Better understanding is needed of the epidemiological role of animal hosts, potential vectors, mechanisms of maintenance in the different ecosystems, and routes of transmission of the disease.

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Section: Human Disease and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

et al. 2014

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“…Bizim olgumuzda da benzer şekilde görülen lezyon Resim 1'de gösterilmiştir. Ülkemizde bizim olgumuz gibi nadir ülseroglandüler tularemi olguları da bildirilmiştir (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: İrdelemeunclassified

Delayed Diagnosis of Ulceroglandular Tularemia: A Case Report

Aktepe¹,

Sönmezer²,

Yarimoglu³

et al. 2017

Klimik Dergisi

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A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic with fever and swelling in her neck. She was unresponsive to empiric antibiotic treatment with cefuroxime axetil given for upper respiratory tract infection in a different center. She reported a tick bite on her neck one week before development of symptoms. On physical examination, there was an ulcerative nodular lesion on posterior cervical region together with regional lymphadenopathy. A positive titer of 1/160 was detected by Francisella tularensis microagglutination test. Ulceroglandular form of tularemia was diagnosed and oral doxycycline 2×100 mg was started. She was discharged with cure after a treatment of two weeks. As this case exemplified, tularemia forms other than oropharyngeal form which is most prevalent in Turkey can be encountered among patients with fever and lymphadenopathy in endemic areas. Klimik Dergisi 2017; 30(2): 83-6.

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“…tularensis being the most virulent strain and of biological weapon concern 6,7 . Recently, tularemia in Turkey has been associated with beaver, muskrat and voles which infect surface waters suggesting that the aquatic environment is an important risk factor in its epidemiology 20,21 . F. philomiragia is a rare disease and is associated with immune-compromised patients as in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and in near drowning events causing pneumonia or fever-bacteraemia 13,15,17 .…”

Section: To Pleomorphicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Francisellosis in fish: an emerging challenge

Chong¹

2016

Microbiol. Aust.

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Francisellosis is a bacterial disease with increasing economic impacts in the culture of tilapia and Atlantic cod since emerging in 1992. Two main strains – Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno) and F. noatunensis subsp. noatunensis (Fnn), have been identified, causing both acute and chronic granulomatous systemic disease. The piscine host range is increasing and Francisella culture should be included in routine diagnosis. Differentiation from the major zoonotic F. tularensis and opportunistic zoonotic F. philomiragia when dealing with environmental soil and water samples from fish farms is important. Diagnosis can be challenging but presentation of granulomatous pathology in fish should require use of cysteine supplemented selective media, culture at 15–28°C or culture in fish cell lines and specific PCR to exclude piscine Fno or Fnn. Control of infections in fish rely on appropriate antibiotic selection although in the long term an effective commercial vaccine that includes the pathogenic species of Francisella is required.

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Outbreak of tularemia: a case–control study and environmental investigation in Turkey

Abstract: The results of this study show that case-control studies may be useful for analyzing epidemics and for identifying the source of infection. In order to prevent water-related zoonotic infections, water and sewerage systems should be improved.

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

Delayed Diagnosis of Ulceroglandular Tularemia: A Case Report

Francisellosis in fish: an emerging challenge

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