Outcome following treatment of soft tissue and visceral extraskeletal osteosarcoma in 33 dogs: 2008–2013

Abstract

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS) is a rare, highly malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from viscera or soft tissues characterised by the formation of osteoid in the absence of bone involvement. Owing to the rarity of these neoplasms very little information exists on treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the outcome following surgical treatment of non-mammary and non-thyroidal soft tissue and visceral EOS in dogs. Thirty-three dogs were identified; the most common primary tumour site was the spleen. Dogs that had wide or radical tumour excision had longer survival times compared with dogs that had only marginal tumour excision performed [median survival time of 90 days (range: 0-458 days) versus median survival time of 13 days (range: 0-20 days)]. The use of surgery should be considered in the management of dogs with non-mammary and non-thyroidal soft tissue and visceral EOS.

Derivation of a Unique Body Surface Area (Bsa) Formula for Calculation of Relatively Safe Doses of Dog and Human Anticancer Drugs

“…However, obtaining of lower doses of vincristine (0.6 mg/m [7]. When doxorubicin doses were calculated using BSA rather than body weight, drug concentrations and toxicoses were greater in smaller dogs [1] [29] carboplatin (300 mg/m 2 ) for osteosarcoma [30], dacarbazine and (200 mg/m 2 ) for canine hemangiosarcoma [31] corroborate the present calculated therapeutic values for cyclophosphamide, carboplatin and dacarbazine, respectively. The similarity in the estimated values may be accounted for by similarity in the exponents of their body weight and height.…”

“…However, dog is said to be overweight when body weight is greater than 15% of their optimal body weight and obese when body weight exceeds 30% of optimal [35]. The special attributes of the dog for comparative medicine are large body size, remarkable genotype homogeneity compared with human ethnic group, controllable breeding and nutrition and applicability of clinical techniques between children and dogs [30]. show that doses of anticancer drugs are calculated as a function of several pharmacokinetic parameters, including volume of distribution (Vd) and total body clearance (Cl).…”

The animal-dependent risk factors in canine osteosarcomas

“…It was shown that appendicular OSA carries worse prognosis than OSA situated in the axial skeleton (Nagamine et al 2015). The less common form of canine OSA are extra-skeletal (or soft tissue) tumors that show aggressive biological behaviour with high rate of recurrences (Langenbach et al 1998, Duffy et al 2015. Histological morphology of canine OSA is heterogeneous with numerous subtypes possible to diagnose in the microscopic examination, however, histologic subtyping of these neoplasms seems not to have any prognostic value (Nagamine et al 2015).…”

Extraskeletal chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the subcutaneous tissue in a Maltese dog

“…To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of primary subcutaneous extraskeletal chondroblastic osteosarcoma in a Maltese dog. Among reports published in the 21st century, only a few cases of subcutaneous extraskeletal osteosarcoma were documented, all of which occurred in large or unspecified breeds of dog or unspecified locations (8,10). Since the location of the tumor is very unusual, the differential diagnosis of extraskeletal osteosarcoma in subcutaneous tissue may be missed if no calcification is observed radiographically.…”