Outcomes Among Patients Referred to Outpatient Rehabilitation Clinics After COVID-19 diagnosis — United States, January 2020–March 2021

Rogers-Brown, Jessica; Wanga, Valentine; Okoro, Catherine A.; Brozowsky, Diane; Evans, Alan C.; Hopwood, David A.; Cope, Jennifer R.; Jackson, Brendan R; Bushman, Dena; Hernández-Romieu, Alfonso C; Bonacci, Robert A.; McLeod, Tim; Chevinsky, Jennifer; Goodman, Alyson B.; Dixon, Meredith; Lutfy, Caitlyn; Rushmore, Julie; Koumans, Emily H.; Morris, Sapna Bamrah; Thompson, W. T.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7027a2

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Severe allergic reactions, for example, anaphylaxis have occurred in about 2–5 people per million vaccinated in the U.S. 33 On the other hand, post-COVID-19 patients have reported reduced physical and cognitive abilities after recovering from the virus, suggesting COVID-19 itself may have greater long-term effects on health than previously known. 34-36…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe allergic reactions, for example, anaphylaxis have occurred in about 2-5 people per million vaccinated in the U.S. 33 On the other hand, post-COVID-19 patients have reported reduced physical and cognitive abilities after recovering from the virus, suggesting COVID-19 itself may have greater long-term effects on health than previously known. [34][35][36] Based on the elevated risks of COVID-19 to smokers, the CDC recommended individuals who smoke to be included in the first tier to receive the vaccine. 37 Among our sample, receiving COVID-19 information from the government was in fact related to higher vaccine uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users

et al. 2021

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Novel mRNA vaccines have been developed and were first distributed to high-risk individuals (including smokers) in the United States starting in December 2020 to combat the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Over one-half of the U.S. adult population has received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, but many others have reported hesitation about becoming vaccinated. We examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy from a convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adult smokers in April 2021, approximately 3 months after tobacco users were eligible to receive vaccination in the state. Participants (n = 231) were 23.4% male, 90.5% white, and had a mean age of 48.1 (SD = 11.9) years. All participants were current tobacco users, with the majority reporting current cigarette smoking (90.9%) with an average of 16 (SD = 8.1) cigarettes smoked per day. Nearly 60% (n = 137) reported receiving at least 1 dose of the vaccine and of those who did not (n = 94), 84% (n = 79) said they were somewhat or very unlikely to get a vaccine. Those who were unvaccinated were more likely to not consume news about COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01) and less likely to believe government news sources as reliable information for COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01). Qualitative responses among those who were vaccine hesitant expressed concerns about the lack of research on the vaccine, distrust of the safety of the vaccine, and fears about side effects. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among tobacco users can help develop targeted communication strategies and directly address concerns to promote vaccination among this population who may be at an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users

et al. 2021

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“… 31 Those who had severe disease with high inflammatory indicators were more likely to develop pulmonary fibrosis. 11 Former COVID-19 patients who were referred for rehabilitation services had poorer physical function than cancer patients; 32 therefore, patients who recover from COVID-19 may need long-term follow-up care.…”

Section: Systemic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular and Systemic Complications of COVID-19: Impact on Patients and Healthcare

Leung¹,

Fan²,

Flynn³

et al. 2022

OPTH

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There is increasing information available about the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the systemic and ocular health of patients, as well as the effects of delayed health care. This mini-review summarizes the potential complications and treatments of COVID-19. Systemic findings include respiratory illness, risk of thromboembolic events, and neurologic findings. Some patients may develop persistent symptoms even after the infection resolves. Effective treatment options include glucocorticoids, antivirals, interleukin-6 antagonists, monoclonal antibodies, Janus kinase inhibitors and vaccines. Potential ocular findings of COVID-19 include conjunctivitis, cranial nerve palsies, and microvascular changes in the retina; most symptoms resolved over time. During the lockdown periods, teleophthalmology was utilized to triage non-urgent issues; patients who did present to emergency departments tended to have more severe disease with worse visual prognoses. While transient delays in outpatient ophthalmic care may be tolerated in some patients, others experienced significant vision loss with interruptions in treatments. Resumption of ophthalmic care as soon as possible may help mitigate the effects of delayed care due to the pandemic.

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“…However, most patients were only referred for physiotherapy as a single treatment. This finding reflects the emphasis on the physical domain of rehabilitation in most studies, although guidelines include multidisciplinary rehabilitation after COVID-19 for both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients [ 43 , 49 ]. Daynes et al [ 50 ] evaluated a multimodal, home-administered, post–COVID-19 rehabilitation program for feasibility; however, they did not evaluate VR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Feasibility of Virtual Reality Exercises at Home for Post–COVID-19 Condition: Cohort Study

Groenveld¹,

Achttien²,

Smits³

et al. 2022

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol

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Background Between 30% to 76% of COVID-19 patients have persistent physical and mental symptoms, sometimes up to 9 months after acute COVID-19. Current rehabilitation is mostly focused on the physical symptoms, whereas experts have agreed on the need for a biopsychosocial approach. A novel approach such as virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation at home might benefit patients and therapists, especially considering the expected rush of patients with post–COVID-19 condition needing rehabilitation. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of self-administered VR exercises at home for post–COVID-19 condition. Methods This was a single-arm feasibility study in an outpatient care setting. Patients who needed physiotherapy because of post–COVID-19 condition were included as determined by the treating physiotherapist. Participants performed VR physical exercises at home for a period of 6 weeks and were allowed to perform VR mental exercise through applications available on the VR platform to reduce stress and anxiety and promote cognitive functioning. The main outcomes were related to feasibility (ie, duration and frequency of VR use), safety (ie, adverse events), patient satisfaction, and reasons to withdraw. Physical performance, daily activities, cognitive functioning, anxiety and depression, and the quality of life were measured before and after. Results In total, 48 patients were included; 1 (2%) patient did not start VR, and 7 (15%) patients withdrew, mostly due to dizziness. Almost 70% (33/47) of participants reported experiencing any adverse event during VR exercising. However, only 25% (9/36) recalled these events at the end of the intervention period. The majority (27/36, 75%) of the patients described VR as having a positive influence on their recovery, and the global satisfaction score was 67%. The average VR use was 30 minutes per session, 3-4 times a week for 3-6 weeks. The overall use of VR applications was almost equally distributed over the 3 sets of VR exercises (physical, relaxing, and cognitive). However, the use frequency of physical exercises seemed to decrease over time, whereas the use of cognitive and relaxation exercises remained stable. Physical performance and quality of life outcomes were significantly improved after 6 weeks. Conclusions VR physical exercises at home is feasible and safe with good acceptance in a significant percentage of patient with post–COVID-19 condition. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04505761; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505761

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Outcomes Among Patients Referred to Outpatient Rehabilitation Clinics After COVID-19 diagnosis — United States, January 2020–March 2021

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users

COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users

Ocular and Systemic Complications of COVID-19: Impact on Patients and Healthcare

Feasibility of Virtual Reality Exercises at Home for Post–COVID-19 Condition: Cohort Study

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