Output power distributions of terminals in a 3G mobile communication network

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the distribution of the output power of mobile phones and other terminals connected to a 3G network in Sweden. It is well known that 3G terminals can operate with very low output power, particularly for voice calls. Measurements of terminal output power were conducted in the Swedish TeliaSonera 3G network in November 2008 by recording network statistics. In the analysis, discrimination was made between rural, suburban, urban, and dedicated indoor networks. In addition, information about terminal output power was possible to collect separately for voice and data traffic. Information from six different Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) was collected during at least 1 week. In total, more than 800000 h of voice calls were collected and in addition to that a substantial amount of data traffic. The average terminal output power for 3G voice calls was below 1 mW for any environment including rural, urban, and dedicated indoor networks. This is <1% of the maximum available output power. For data applications the average output power was about 6-8 dB higher than for voice calls. For rural areas the output power was about 2 dB higher, on average, than in urban areas.

Temporal trends of radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in everyday environments across European cities

“…Smartphones of the third generation (3G, UMTS) in contrast, have a so-called enhanced adaptive power control which optimizes radiation according to the quality of connectivity to the mobile phone base station, resulting in considerable lower average output power (Gati et al, 2009;Persson et al, 2011;Wiart et al, 2000), which may also affect overall RF-EMF exposure.…”

Mobile phone use, behavioural problems and concentration capacity in adolescents: A prospective study

“…For each of the considered exposure circumstances, average specific absorption rates (SAR) for the brain and the whole body were derived from the literature (Gati et al 2009;Hadjem et al 2010;Huang et al 2014;Lauer et al 2013;Persson et al 2012;SEAWIND 2013;Vrijheid et al 2009). To obtain a cumulative daily brain and whole body dose for each study participant, the SAR values were multiplied by the average exposure duration per day for each exposure situation and summed up to one single brain and whole body dose measure.…”

Memory performance, wireless communication and exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: A prospective cohort study in adolescents

“…For each of these exposure situations, specific absorption rates (SAR) for the brain and the whole body were obtained from the literature (Gati et al 2009;Hadjem et al 2010;Huang et al 2014;Lauer et al 2013;Persson et al 2012;SEAWIND 2013;Vrijheid et al 2009). To obtain a brain and whole body dose for each study participant the obtained SAR values were multiplied by the average exposure duration per day for each exposure situation and summed up to one single brain and whole body dose.…”