Overexpression of a Maize SPS Gene Improves Yield Characters of Potato under Field Conditions

Ishimaru, Ken; Hirotsu, Naoki; Kashiwagi, Takayuki; Madoka, Yuka; Nagasuga, Kiyoshi; Ono, Kiyomi; Ohsugi, Ryu

doi:10.1626/pps.11.104

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The pods in the SPS over-expressers have significantly higher biomass individually and as a collection per plant followed by the co-expressers. There are several reports on the association of increased SPS activity with the production of new sinks and increased sink strength, although the sinks may range from flowers, fruits, tubers, fiber, stem and more (Micallef et al 1995;Park et al 2008Park et al , 2009Haigler et al 2007;Nguyen-Quoc et al 1999;Baxter et al 2003;Ishimaru et al 2008;Laporte et al 1997Laporte et al , 2001). An increase in pod size and overall pod weight per plant showed an inverse correlation with vegetative growth and height, in that the SPS transformants with its biggest pods and overall highest pod weight per plant, has the shortest stature compared to all the other classes of transformants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suc plays a crucial role in the functioning of different processes, which are key to plant growth (Galtier et al 1995;Grof et al 2007;Ishimaru et al 2004). There are several reports on the overexpression of SPS using transgenic approaches (Coleman et al 2010;Haigler et al 2007;Nguyen-Quoc and Foyer 2001;Tian et al 2010;Zuñiga-Feest et al 2005) with varied consequences, but in general, increased SPS activity is associated with the production of new sinks and increased sink strength, although the sinks may range from flowers, fruits, tubers, fiber, stem and more (Micallef et al 1995;Park et al 2008Park et al , 2009Haigler et al 2007;NguyenQuoc et al 1999;Baxter et al 2003;Ishimaru et al 2008;Laporte et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco

Seger

Gebril

Tabilona

et al. 2014

Planta

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The outcome of simultaneously increasing SPS and GS activities in transgenic tobacco, suggests that sucrose is the major determinant of growth and development, and is not affected by changes in N assimilation. Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are the major components required for plant growth and the metabolic pathways for C and N assimilation are very closely interlinked. Maintaining an appropriate balance or ratio of sugar to nitrogen metabolites in the cell, is important for the regulation of plant growth and development. To understand how C and N metabolism interact, we manipulated the expression of key genes in C and N metabolism individually and concurrently and checked for the repercussions. Transgenic tobacco plants with a cytosolic soybean glutamine synthetase (GS1) gene and a sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene from maize, both driven by the CaMV 35S promoter were produced. Co-transformants, with both the transgenes were produced by sexual crosses. While GS is the key enzyme in N assimilation, involved in the synthesis of glutamine, SPS plays a key role in C metabolism by catalyzing the synthesis of sucrose. Moreover, to check if nitrate has any role in this interaction, the plants were grown under both low and high nitrogen. The SPS enzyme activity in the SPS and SPS/GS1 co-transformants were the same under both nitrogen regimens. However, the GS activity was lower in the co-transformants compared to the GS1 transformants, specifically under low nitrogen conditions. The GS1/SPS transformants showed a phenotype similar to the SPS transformants, suggesting that sucrose is the major determinant of growth and development in tobacco, and its effect is only marginally affected by increased N assimilation. Sucrose may be functioning in a metabolic capacity or as a signaling molecule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco

Seger

Gebril

Tabilona

et al. 2014

Planta

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“…In fact, in a previous study, the over-expression of sucrose phosphate synthase, the key enzyme in the sucrose synthesis pathway, improved yield characteristics of potato (Ishimaru et al 2008). e introduction of a fungal or bacterial gdhA gene, encoding NADP(H)-GDH, into crops was useful for improving yields in rice (Abiko et al 2010), maize (Lightfoot et al 2007) and tobacco (Ameziane et al 2000), although increases of photoassimilates were not demonstrated in these previous studies.…”

Section: Increase Of Photosynthetic Rates and Biomass In Gdh Potatoesmentioning

confidence: 92%

The effects of introduction of a fungal glutamate dehydrogenase gene (<i>gdhA</i>) on the photosynthetic rates, biomass, carbon and nitrogen contents in transgenic potato

Egami

Wakayama

Aoki

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology

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Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyzes the reversible amination of 2-oxoglutarate with ammonium to form glutamate. GDH functions in nitrogen assimilation in microorganisms, such as Aspergillus nidulans. However, in plants, glutamine synthetase, not GDH, carries out nitrogen assimilation. Here, we report the e ects of introduction of the gdhA gene, encoding NADP(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, from A. nidulans into potato. We analyzed the resulting changes of photosynthesis, biomass, carbon and nitrogen contents under control and low-nitrogen conditions at the owering stage and the tuber-bulking stage. ere were higher NADP(H)-GDH activities in GDH potato leaves than in the wild type. Regardless of nitrogen conditions, photosynthetic rates and soluble protein concentrations of leaves increased in GDH potatoes at the owering stage. High photosynthetic rates remained at the tuber-bulking stage in GDH potatoes.e number and dry weight of tubers also increased in GDH potatoes. Under the low-nitrogen condition in particular, carbon and nitrogen contents of GDH potato tubers increased compared with those of the wild type. is resulted from higher rates of carbon and nitrogen redistribution to tuber in GDH potatoes than in wild-type potatoes. Our ndings show that the gdhA gene is a powerful tool to increase tuber dry matter and improve e ciency of nitrogen use of potato.

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“…Since Suc plays such a crucial role in the functioning of different processes that are key to plant growth (Grof et al 2007;Tognetti et al 2013;Ruan 2014), efforts have been made to increase SPS activity using transgenic approaches and the up-regulation of SPS activity has been shown to alter growth and development in many different plants (Micallef et al 1995;Laporte et al 1997;Laporte et al 1997Laporte et al , 2001Nguyen-Quoc and Foyer 2001;Baxter et al 2003;Haigler et al 2007;Ishimaru et al 2008;Park et al 2008Park et al , 2009Coleman et al 2010;Tian et al 2010;Seger et al 2015;Maloney et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with increased sucrose phosphate synthase activity shows enhanced growth when grown under N2-fixing conditions

Gebril

Seger

Muro-Villanueva

et al. 2015

Planta

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Overexpression of SPS in alfalfa is accompanied by early flowering, increased plant growth and an increase in elemental N and protein content when grown under N2-fixing conditions. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS; EC 2.3.1.14) is the key enzyme in the synthesis of sucrose in plants. The outcome of overexpression of SPS in different plants using transgenic approaches has been quite varied, but the general consensus is that increased SPS activity is associated with the production of new sinks and increased sink strength. In legumes, the root nodule is a strong C sink and in this study our objective was to see how increasing SPS activity in a legume would affect nodule number and function. Here we have transformed alfalfa (Medicago sativa, cv. Regen SY), with a maize SPS gene driven by the constitutive CaMV35S promoter. Our results showed that overexpression of SPS in alfalfa, is accompanied by an increase in nodule number and mass and an overall increase in nitrogenase activity at the whole plant level. The nodules exhibited an increase in the level of key enzymes contributing to N assimilation including glutamine synthetase and asparagine synthetase. Moreover, the stems of the transformants showed higher level of the transport amino acids, Asx, indicating increased export of N from the nodules. The transformants exhibited a dramatic increase in growth both of the shoots and roots, and earlier flowering time, leading to increased yields. Moreover, the transformants showed an increase in elemental N and protein content. The overall conclusion is that increased SPS activity improves the N status and plant performance, suggesting that the availability of more C in the form of sucrose enhances N acquisition and assimilation in the nodules.

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Overexpression of a Maize SPS Gene Improves Yield Characters of Potato under Field Conditions

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco

Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco

The effects of introduction of a fungal glutamate dehydrogenase gene (<i>gdhA</i>) on the photosynthetic rates, biomass, carbon and nitrogen contents in transgenic potato

Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with increased sucrose phosphate synthase activity shows enhanced growth when grown under N2-fixing conditions

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