Overexpression of reactive oxygen species modulator 1 is associated with advanced grades of bladder cancer

Abstract

Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 (ROMO1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mitochondrial structure integrity, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased ROMO1 expression was reported in various cancer cell lines; however, the possible association between ROMO1 expression and bladder cancer was not well studied. The present study aimed to investigate the rate of ROMO1 expression and the correlation of oxidative stress with the development of bladder cancer. In this study, a total of 35 cancerous and healthy adjacent tissues were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze the gene expression of ROMO1. Also, we evaluated the serum level of ROMO1 and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), as well as Total Oxidant Status (TOS) in patients with bladder cancer along with age-and sex-matched healthy individuals. The ROMO1 gene was significantly higher in cancerous tissues than that of adjacent healthy tissues. Also, the serum levels of ROMO1, TAC, TOS, and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) were increased in patients with bladder cancer compared with healthy subjects. It can be concluded that the overexpression of the ROMO1 gene is associated with advanced grades of bladder cancer as well as an increase in oxidative stress conditions. Our findings also suggest that the serum level of ROMO1 might be a promising tumor marker for bladder cancer.

Overexpression of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 Predicts Unfavorable Clinical Outcome in EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas Treated With Targeted Therapy

“…Recent studies have demonstrated the clinical usefulness of Romo1 gene expression and the novel association between micro RNA and Romo1. Alizamir et al demonstrated that Romo1 mRNA expression increased in bladder cancer tissues and that Romo1 overexpression was associated with advanced tumor (31). Similarly, Afshar et al showed that Romo1 mRNA was overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and that its overexpression was associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (32).…”

“…Alizamir et al. demonstrated that Romo1 mRNA expression increased in bladder cancer tissues and that Romo1 overexpression was associated with advanced tumor ( 31 ). Similarly, Afshar et al.…”

The Association of COVID-19 and Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 (ROMO1) with Oxidative Stress

“… 6 7 In 2020, Amini et al 7 conducted a study on ROMO1 and OMA1, and found that overexpression of ROMO1 in gastric cancer tissue promotes oxidative stress in patients with gastric cancer, which is an critical factor in aggravating and even the onset of this deadly cancer. At the same time, in 2020, Ghasemi et al 33 conducted a study on the mitochondrial protein and observed that overexpression of ROMO1 in bladder cancer tissue and also increased ROMO1 in the serum of people with bladder cancer may promote some parameters of oxidative stress in these patients.…”

“…Another point worth noting is that ROMO1 and its association with oxidative stress can affect various organs, particularly the lungs, and it has been observed that ROMO1 might cause some diseases related to this organ, namely lung cancer and some other respiratory diseases. 6 33 In 2017, Lee et al 34 did a study on Lung Cancer-Related Malignant Effusion (LCRME), and observed that ROMO1 in the fluid isolated from the lungs is increased in the malignant state compared with the benign state, then, they introduced ROMO1 as a marker for lung cancer-related malignant effusion. Similarly, in 2020, Kong et al 35 carried out research on poor distant metastasis-free survival in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and observed overexpression of ROMO1 in this type of lung disorder.…”

“…Most studies that have been done on ROMO1 are about non-viral diseases (cancer, diabetes…), and it is often said that its dysfunction will cause an increase and overproduction of ROS, which leads to damage different cells, tissues and organs, especially the immune system and finally aggravate or intitiate these diseases. 6 7 33 In addition to non-viral diseases, this protein has also been studied in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). 38 In 2021, Merlini et al 38 evaluated ROMO1 in the serum of patients with HIV and found that this protein has significantly increased and they introduced ROMO1 as a factor which increases the amount of oxidative stress in this viral disease.…”