Overexpression of YAP1 is Correlated with Progression, Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Gastric Carcinoma

Abstract

YAP1 is overexpressed in numerous cancers, but its molecular mechanism in the carcinogenesis and clinic significance in tumor diagnosis and prognosis remains to be determined. We attempted to analyze the clinicopathologic significance of YAP1 expression and the correlation of the YAP1 levels with the progression, metastasis and prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. By immunohistochemistry, we determined YAP1 expression in 214 of primary gastric carcinoma (GC), 167 of matched normal gastric mucosa, 40 of chronic atrophic gastritis, 11 of dysplasia and 73 of intestinal metaplasia. The positive rate of YAP1 in gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa, chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. In the gastric cancers with lymph node metastasis, the positive rate of YAP1 was much higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis. Moreover, gastric cancer patients with YAP1 overexpression demonstrated poorer prognosis than those with YAP1 negative staining. Finally, multivariate analysis of 191 patients with gastric carcinoma indicated that YAP1 overexpression, the invasion depth and lymph node metastasis were high hazard factors for gastric carcinoma. Our results demonstrated that YAP1 overexpression is correlated to the progression, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of gastric carcinoma, suggesting that overexpression of YAP1 might be an adjuvant factor for predicting lymph node metastasis, and a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in patients with gastric cancers.

Expression and clinical significance of YAP in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients

“…For example, levels of YAP mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues were 2.5-and 1.3-fold higher than those observed in normal pancreas tissues and chronic pancreatitis tissues, respectively. Similar results have been observed in gastric and liver cancer (17,18). However, the role of YAP in the occurrence of tumors as an oncogene has been questioned (19)(20)(21).…”

YAP/TAZ Initiates Gastric Tumorigenesis via Upregulation of MYC

“…YAP and TAZ are reportedly increased in a subset of human gastric cancers, most of which are associated with poor clinical outcomes (12)(13)(14). Until now, this association has been shown only via immunohistochemistry (12)(13)(14).…”

“…Several studies have suggested a potential link between YAP/TAZ signaling and gastric cancer (12)(13)(14)(15). YAP expression is upregulated in gastric tumor samples compared to normal tissue, and the total amount of YAP expression as well as its nuclear localization are significantly correlated with poorer clinical outcomes (12)(13)(14).…”

“…YAP expression is upregulated in gastric tumor samples compared to normal tissue, and the total amount of YAP expression as well as its nuclear localization are significantly correlated with poorer clinical outcomes (12)(13)(14). Moreover, a peptide mimicking the role of VGLL4 (a candidate for inhibiting the YAP-TEAD interaction) inhibits tumor growth in both xenograft and carcinogen-induced murine gastric tumor models (15).…”

MicroRNA-200b inhibits pituitary tumor cell proliferation and invasion by targeting PKCα

“…The expression of PKCα protein in the pituitary tumor tissue was detected by the universal PV-9000 two-step method (24,25). Briefly, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 53 pituitary tumors and 5 normal pituitary tissues were cut into 4-µm slices.…”