Overview of Physical and Pharmacological Therapy in Enhancing Bone Regeneration Formation During Distraction Osteogenesis

Liu, Ze; Liu, Qi; Guo, Haipeng; Liang, Jieyu; Zhang, Yi

doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.837430

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…In addition, delivery systems with an ability to locally control over spatial distribution and sustained release of these drugs or biological agents also need to be investigated (Porter et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2021). Physician stimulation is a low cost and noninvasive therapy that can change cell microenvironment (Liu et al, 2022). However, due to the complexity of the interaction between physical agents and biological systems, a lot work is still needed to find out the specific mechanisms (Massari et al,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical therapies have been popular in bone repair yield for many years due to its safety, non-invasiveness, economic benefits, easy access and controllability (Liu et al, 2022). Previous studies have shown that various kinds of physical stimuli contribute to osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, including mechanical stimulation, ultrasound stimuli and light stimuli (Zhang et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2016;Li et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2022). Zhang et al (2016) treated PDLSCs with static stress and found that exposing PDLSCs to hydraulic pressure enhanced their osteodifferentiation via regulating RANKL/OPG ratio by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.…”

Section: Physical Stimulation and Scaffold Modification For Pdlscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, so far, the effect of most physical stimulation on PDLSCs is still at the preclinical stage. Further clinical trials about these physical stimulations are needed to test the optimal experimental conditions, including stimulus intensity, duration, and application frequency (Liu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Physical Stimulation and Scaffold Modification For Pdlscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering

Zhao

Jin

Weir

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Objectives: Stem cell-based tissue engineering approaches are promising for bone repair and regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for maxillofacial bone and periodontal regeneration. Many studies have shown potent results via PDLSCs in bone regeneration. In this review, we describe recent cutting-edge researches on PDLSC-based bone regeneration and periodontal tissue regeneration.Data and sources: An extensive search of the literature for papers related to PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering was made on the databases of PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. The papers were selected by three independent calibrated reviewers.Results: Multiple types of materials and scaffolds have been combined with PDLSCs, involving xeno genic bone graft, calcium phosphate materials and polymers. These PDLSC-based constructs exhibit the potential for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration. In addition, various osteo inductive agents and strategies have been applied with PDLSCs, including drugs, biologics, gene therapy, physical stimulation, scaffold modification, cell sheets and co-culture.Conclusoin: This review article demonstrates the great potential of PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs as a promising approach for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Stimulation and Scaffold Modification For Pdlscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Stimulation and Scaffold Modification For Pdlscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering

Zhao

Jin

Weir

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…The llizarov technique used in DO dates back to 1951 and is widely utilized nowadays to treat bone defects, limb unequal lengths, and deformities ( 4 , 5 ). However, DO requires regular monitoring of callus growth due to the long treatment time, possible skin scar, psychological and life burden, pain syndrome, joint stiffness, pin tract infection, and bone non-union ( 6 ). Among them, bone non-union is a serious clinical issue, which prolongs the treatment course and increases the difficulty in bone extension ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The early posterior cortex pixel value ratio: a novel reliable indicator for distraction osteogenesis

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Surg.

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AimsWe aimed to explore the associations of the early PVR in four cortices with Healing Index (HI), Lengthening Index (LI), and External Fixator Index (EFI) in the bone union and non-union groups.MethodsA total of 52 patients, including 39 bone union and 13 bone non-union subjects, were recruited in this study. The general characteristics and PVR in four cortices in each group were explored. Afterward, the early PVR in four cortices, including medial, lateral, anterior, and posterior sides, were compared. Finally, the associations of the early PVR in four cortices with HI, LI, and EFI were also investigated.ResultsThe general characteristics of these patients were consistent, except for HI (31.54 ± 12.24 vs. 45.08 ± 27.10, P = 0.018) and EFI (57.63 ± 18.15 vs. 71.29 ± 24.60, P = 0.046). The growth of regenerated callus was asymmetrical in the bone union group (the posterior PVR seems to grow faster), whereas no statistical difference was obtained in the bone non-union group. Furthermore, the posterior PVR in the bone union group was significantly higher than that in the bone non-union group (the first month: 0.96 ± 0.17 vs. 0.86 ± 0.06, p = 0.047; the second month: 0.98 ± 0.14 vs. 0.89 ± 0.09, p = 0.041; the third month: 1.00 ± 0.12 vs. 0.92 ± 0.09, p = 0.039). Most importantly, the posterior PVR was inversely associated with HI, LI, and EFI (the first month: r = −0.343, p = 0.041; r = −0.346, p = 0.042; r = −0.352, p = 0.041; the second month: r = −0.459, p = 0.004; r = −0.277, p = 0.101; r = −0.511, p = 0.002; the third month: r = −0.479, p = 0.003; r = −0.398, p = 0.018; r = −0.551, p = 0.001) in the bone union group, respectively. However, this finding was lost in the bone non-union group.ConclusionThe early posterior cortex PVR seems to grow faster than the medial, lateral, and anterior sides in the bone union group, which represents an asymmetrical development pattern. Moreover, the posterior cortex PVR was negatively associated with HI, LI, and EFI, respectively. The posterior cortex PVR may be a novel and reliable detection index in the process of DO.

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“…Generally speaking, the DO-related complications include bone nonunion, new bone fracture, nail infection and relaxation, muscle contracture and joint stiffness, force line deviation, etc. [ 4 – 7 ]. Among them, the bone nonunion is a serious clinical issue that prolong the treatment period and increase the burden i n bone lengthening [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of bone union and nonunion during distraction osteogenesis

Liu

Guo

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background The clinical characteristics of bone nonunion during distraction osteogenesis (DO) were rarely discussed. This study was employed to specify the difference between bone union and nonunion during DO. Methods The patients with bone lengthening were recruited in our study. The bone union cases indicated the ones that remove the external fixator successfully, whereas the bone nonunion represented the bridging callus did not appear even after 9 months (an absence of bridging callus for at least three out of four cortices on plain radiographs) that needs autogenous bone transplantation. The differences in the pixel value ratio (PVR) growth of regenerated callus, lengthening index (LI), healing index (HI), external fixation index (EFI) and blood biochemical indexes between bone union and nonunion were analyzed. Results A total of 8 bone nonunion and 27 bone union subjects were included in this study. The PVR growth in bone nonunion was significantly lower than that in bone union (0.19 ± 0.06 vs. 0.32 ± 0.16, P = 0.048). Interestingly, the HI and EFI in bone nonunion was significantly higher than that in bone union (62.0 ± 31.4 vs. 37.0 ± 27.4, P = 0.036; 75.0 ± 30.9 vs. 49.9 ± 16.1, P = 0.006). However, no significant difference with regard to LI was identified (0.76 ± 0.52 vs. 0.77 ± 0.32, P = 0.976). Moreover, the circulating level of urea and lymphocyte count in bone union was significantly lower than that in bone nonunion (4.31 ± 1.05 vs. 5.17 ± 1.06, P = 0.049; 2.08 ± 0.67 vs. 2.73 ± 0.54, P = 0.018). On the contrary, the circulating level of magnesium in bone union was significantly higher than that in bone nonunion (0.87 ± 0.07 vs. 0.80 ± 0.07, P = 0.014). Conclusion Compared to the bone union, the PVR growth was significantly lower, whereas the HI and EFI was significantly higher in the bone nonunion. Moreover, the circulating level of urea, magnesium and lymphocyte count was also different between these two. Therefore, the PVR, HI and EFI seems to be reliable and sensitive indicators to reflect the bone nonunion during DO, which might be considered in bone lengthening. Further prospective studies are still needed to elaborate the concerned issues.

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Overview of Physical and Pharmacological Therapy in Enhancing Bone Regeneration Formation During Distraction Osteogenesis

Cited by 10 publications

References 126 publications

Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering

Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering

The early posterior cortex pixel value ratio: a novel reliable indicator for distraction osteogenesis

A comparative study of bone union and nonunion during distraction osteogenesis

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