Overview of proteomics studies in obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an underdiagnosed common public health concern causing deleterious effects on metabolic and cardiovascular health. Although much has been learned regarding the pathophysiology and consequences of OSA in the past decades, the molecular mechanisms associated with such processes remain poorly defined. The advanced high-throughput proteomics-based technologies have become a fundamental approach for identifying novel disease mediators as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for many diseases, including OSA. Here, we briefly review OSA pathophysiology and the technological advances in proteomics and the first results of its application to address critical issues in the OSA field.

Personalised medicine in sleep respiratory disorders: focus on obstructive sleep apnoea diagnosis and treatment

“…Research on "-omics" (figure 1) continues, and may ultimately provide clinically useful biomarkers for adult [97] and paediatric [29,98,99] OSA. Examples are studies in adults and children with OSA using proteomics [29,100], studies on miRNA in patients with OSA and resistant hypertension [101], the application of system biology to genetic studies of OSA [102] and studies on visceral fat transcriptome to assess the molecular basis of the interaction between OSA and obesity [103,104]. A roadmap for a personalised approach to OSA has been proposed according to P4 medicine, ( personalisation, prediction, prevention and patient participation in healthcare) [27,28].…”

Effects of CPAP therapy withdrawal on exhaled breath pattern in obstructive sleep apnoea

“…In addition, measures of OSA severity derived from sleep studies do not differentiate between distinct phenotypes of OSA, for example, symptomatic subjects or subjects with a pronounced increase in sympathetic activity or oxidative stress and thus increased vascular risk. For these reasons, a number of ongoing studies are attempting to define markers of sleep disorders at the protein and metabolic levels 20 21. In contrast to blood and tissue specimens, exhaled breath carries easily accessible molecular markers, some of which are released along the blood–gas barrier and thus reflect changes in the blood and cell environment.…”

The effect of obstructive sleep apnea on peripheral blood amino acid and biogenic amine metabolome at multiple time points overnight

“…The substances examined were selected based upon the previous literature: the effects of sleep deprivation on amino acids and biogenic amine profile have been examined 12 , but there have been no studies on OSA and its effects on the serum profiles of amino acids and biogenic amines. Haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and hsCRP have all been previously examined as possible biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea 8 , 13 , 14 , however, prospective trials examining their biomarker potential have been lacking. General biochemical analyses were done to exclude a severe concomitant undiagnosed disease, which could alter the metabolome.…”