Overview of Psittacine Blood Analysis and Comparative Retrospective Study of Clinical Diagnosis, Hematology and Blood Chemistry in Selected Psittacine Species

Capitelli, Raffaella; Crosta, Lorenzo

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2012.10.002

Cited by 70 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For Benez (2001), erythrocytes are the largest blood cells in birds of the order Rheiformes, which is also valid for birds of the order Casuariiformes (Table 2), when some of these cells reached more than 17.88 μm and less than 11.21 μm in diameter. Erythrocytes had the highest morphometric index (Table 2) among all blood cells, which may be a result of the ovoid shape of these peripheral blood cells in emus, as observed by other authors for several birds (Bounous and Stedman 2000;Mitchell and Johns 2008;Capitelli and Crosta 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Clinical aspects, morphometry, and morphology of blood cells of the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) reared in captivity

et al. 2015

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The emu, or Australian ostrich (Dromaius novaehollandiae), is a native to the Australian plains. Understanding the hematology and clinical aspects of emus is necessary so as to outline sanitary measures and guarantee production and breeding management in captivity. This study evaluates the clinical aspects, the morphometry, and the morphology of emu blood cells reared in captivity, in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fifteen animals of either sex reared in the scientific nursery of Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) were clinically examined before egg hatching. This group included three males, which also started the egg incubation period, that were analyzed during two periods (during incubation and off incubation). Blood samples were collected, and smears were prepared and stained for morphometric and morphological analyses. The results show that the peculiar behavior of emus during incubation triggers important changes in clinical status, like weight loss, reduction in rectal temperature, and in heart and respiratory rates of animals. Blood cell morphometry revealed that heterophil had the lowest morphometric index and were the most closely spherical cells in the emus examined. Erythrocytes presented the highest morphometric index, which lends this cell type its ovoid shape.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Clinical aspects, morphometry, and morphology of blood cells of the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) reared in captivity

et al. 2015

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“…Aspartate aminotransferase activity in chickens under cyclical heat stress was higher than in those subjected to the control treatment, regardless of age (Table 3). However, only AST values higher than 275 U L -1 suggest an increase in activity, which may be related to hepatic or muscular disorders, and values above 800 U L -1 are highly suggestive of severe liver damage (CAMPBELL, 2004;CAPITELLI;CROSTA, 2013). Aspartate aminotransferase activity presented a cubic response, with an estimated increase from 21…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only AST values higher than 275 U L -1 suggest an increase in activity, which may be related to hepatic or muscular disorders, and values above 800 U L -1 are highly suggestive of severe liver damage (CAMPBELL, 2004;CAPITELLI;CROSTA, 2013). Aspartate aminotransferase activity presented a cubic response, with an estimated increase from 21 to 24 days of age and a reduction up to 36 days, increasing again up to 42 days regardless of the environment (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of age and cyclical heat stress on the serum biochemical profile of broiler chickens

Bueno¹,

Nascimento²,

Martins³

et al. 2017

SCA

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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of age and cyclical heat stress for 1 hour per day on the levels of serum proteins, metabolites, and enzymes in broiler chickens of 21-42 days of age. We used 420 male broiler chickens, Cobb Avian48TM breed, in a completely randomized experimental design, composed of two treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of two thermal environments: one in which broiler chickens were raised under natural conditions of temperature and humidity for the first 42 days of age (control) and another in which chickens were subjected to heat stress at 36°C, from days 16 to 42, for 1 hour per day (1200-1300 hours). At 21, 28, 35, and 42 days of age, approximately 5 mL of blood was collected by cardiac puncture in two birds per replicate. In each serum sample, levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin ratio, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity and uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and glucose levels were determined. Concerning the environment and the age, no significant differences in the levels of glucose, uric acid, ALT, triglycerides, and very low density lipoproteins were observed. There was a significant interaction between the environment and the age for cholesterol and LDL values. At 21 days of age, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in birds under stress than in the control treatment birds, which did not occur in other age groups. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was higher in chickens under cyclical heat stress than in chickens subjected to control treatment and displayed a cubic response regarding the environment. The age of the birds influenced the values of total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin:globulin (A:G) ratio, creatinine, GGT, and HDL. In conclusion, cyclical heat stress, at 36ºC, for one hour, from days 16 to 42 of age increases serum AST, whereas cholesterol and LDL-C levels increase only at day 21, indicating that birds may have adapted to heat stress. Age influenced the activity of AST and GGT and levels of creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, A:G ratio, cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Key words: Poultry. Cholesterol. Liver enzymes. Glucose. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a influência da idade e do estresse cíclico por calor durante uma hora por dia, nas concentrações das proteínas, metabólitos e enzimas séricas em frangos de corte de 21 a 42 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 420 pintos de corte machos, da linhagem Cobb Avian48 TM , em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto de dois tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de dois ambientes térmicos: um para frangos de corte criados em condições naturais de temperatura e umidade do primeiro ao 42° dia de idade (controle); e outro para estressados por calor à 36 °C do 16° ao 42° dia, durante uma hora do dia (12h00m às 13...

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“…Other cells, such as basophils and eosinophils, were not found. Capitelli and Crosta (2013) found that basophils appear to be related to an early inflammation or immediate hypersensitivity reaction, but these cells may also be scarce or absent. Basophils' granules are highly water soluble and can be easily damaged in the dyeing process, which is a possible reason for the absence of these cells (Vinkler et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-living ruddy ground dove (Columbina talpacoti): a report on leukocyte and weight values

et al. 2016

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The Columbina talpacoti species, a common type of bird in Brazil, is often the target of illegal trade or used as pets, which can lead to the threat of extinction as the number of individuals of the species decreases. As this is a rare species with unknown hematological parameters, this study aimed to describe the species' leukocyte values and biometrics (weight). Twenty-five birds were captured at a private farm located in Guarapari, Espírito Santo, in southeastern Brazil. The capture and sampling were conducted in October 2014. The birds' body mass was measured, and their blood was collected. A blood smear was made, and a differential leukocyte count was performed. The average body mass found for the species was 46.7 ± 4.7 g. For hematologic reference, we used a value of 43.3 ± 14.6 for lymphocytes, and 55.8 ± 14.5 and 0.56 ± 0.76 for heterophils and monocytes, respectively. Using the data collected in this study, the reference values were calculated.

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Overview of Psittacine Blood Analysis and Comparative Retrospective Study of Clinical Diagnosis, Hematology and Blood Chemistry in Selected Psittacine Species

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Clinical aspects, morphometry, and morphology of blood cells of the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) reared in captivity

Clinical aspects, morphometry, and morphology of blood cells of the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) reared in captivity

Effect of age and cyclical heat stress on the serum biochemical profile of broiler chickens

Free-living ruddy ground dove (Columbina talpacoti): a report on leukocyte and weight values

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