Overview of the Diverse Roles of Bacterial and Archaeal Cytoskeletons

Amos, Linda; Löwe, Jan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53047-5_1

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…Cell division, or cytokinesis, is the essential process for the survival of all bacterial cells [6,7]. It is a three-step process in rod-shaped bacteria, comprising first of cell elongation, then septum formation, and finally cell division into two identical daughter cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Rahman¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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The number of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains is currently increasing; thus, the determination of drug targets for the development of novel antimicrobial drugs is urgently needed. FtsZ, the prokaryotic homolog of the eukaryotic tubulin, is a GTP-dependent prokaryotic cytoskeletal protein that is conserved among most bacterial strains. In vitro studies revealed that FtsZ self-assembles into dynamic protofilaments or bundles, and it forms a dynamic Z-ring at the center of the cell, leading to septation and consequent cell division. The potential role of FtsZ in the blockage of cell division makes FtsZ a highly attractive target for developing novel antibiotics. Researchers have been working on synthetic molecules and natural products as inhibitors of FtsZ. Accumulating data suggest that FtsZ may provide the platform for the development of novel antibiotics. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the properties of FtsZ protein and bacterial cell division, as well as on the development of FtsZ inhibitors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Rahman¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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“…The actin cytoskeleton is an ancient constituent of living cells and epitomizes the fundamental principle of the noncovalent “polymerization” of globular protein units into “cytomotive” filamentous structures, already present in prokaryotes [ 335 , 336 , 337 , 338 ]. The recent discovery of a protoactin along with a subset of proteins involved in actin polymerization and depolymerization in Asgard archaea established that a dynamic actin cytoskeleton predates the advent of eukaryotes [ 339 , 340 , 341 , 342 , 343 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom

Filić

Mijanović

Putar

et al. 2021

Cells

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Both Dictyostelium amoebae and mammalian cells are endowed with an elaborate actin cytoskeleton that enables them to perform a multitude of tasks essential for survival. Although these organisms diverged more than a billion years ago, their cells share the capability of chemotactic migration, large-scale endocytosis, binary division effected by actomyosin contraction, and various types of adhesions to other cells and to the extracellular environment. The composition and dynamics of the transient actin-based structures that are engaged in these processes are also astonishingly similar in these evolutionary distant organisms. The question arises whether this remarkable resemblance in the cellular motility hardware is accompanied by a similar correspondence in matching software, the signalling networks that govern the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Small GTPases from the Rho family play pivotal roles in the control of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Indicatively, Dictyostelium matches mammals in the number of these proteins. We give an overview of the Rho signalling pathways that regulate the actin dynamics in Dictyostelium and compare them with similar signalling networks in mammals. We also provide a phylogeny of Rho GTPases in Amoebozoa, which shows a variability of the Rho inventories across different clades found also in Metazoa.

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“…However, in all three major kingdoms, cells have developed filaments specifically dedicated to controlling cell shape and cytoplasmic movement. These “cytomotor” filaments use energy from GTP or ATP to control their directional assembly and thus create forces used to control cell shape, move organelles or organise membrane systems [ 207 , 208 , 209 ]. There are essentially two protein classes of cytomotor filaments: actin filaments, tubulin filaments and intermediate filaments that make connections between them.…”

Section: Cell Signalling and Sensory Motricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Idea of Molecular Brains

Timsit

Sergeant-Perthuis

2021

IJMS

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How can single cells without nervous systems perform complex behaviours such as habituation, associative learning and decision making, which are considered the hallmark of animals with a brain? Are there molecular systems that underlie cognitive properties equivalent to those of the brain? This review follows the development of the idea of molecular brains from Darwin’s “root brain hypothesis”, through bacterial chemotaxis, to the recent discovery of neuron-like r-protein networks in the ribosome. By combining a structural biology view with a Bayesian brain approach, this review explores the evolutionary labyrinth of information processing systems across scales. Ribosomal protein networks open a window into what were probably the earliest signalling systems to emerge before the radiation of the three kingdoms. While ribosomal networks are characterised by long-lasting interactions between their protein nodes, cell signalling networks are essentially based on transient interactions. As a corollary, while signals propagated in persistent networks may be ephemeral, networks whose interactions are transient constrain signals diffusing into the cytoplasm to be durable in time, such as post-translational modifications of proteins or second messenger synthesis. The duration and nature of the signals, in turn, implies different mechanisms for the integration of multiple signals and decision making. Evolution then reinvented networks with persistent interactions with the development of nervous systems in metazoans. Ribosomal protein networks and simple nervous systems display architectural and functional analogies whose comparison could suggest scale invariance in information processing. At the molecular level, the significant complexification of eukaryotic ribosomal protein networks is associated with a burst in the acquisition of new conserved aromatic amino acids. Knowing that aromatic residues play a critical role in allosteric receptors and channels, this observation suggests a general role of π systems and their interactions with charged amino acids in multiple signal integration and information processing. We think that these findings may provide the molecular basis for designing future computers with organic processors.

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Overview of the Diverse Roles of Bacterial and Archaeal Cytoskeletons

Cited by 12 publications

References 189 publications

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

The key bacterial cell division protein FtsZ as a novel antibacterial drug target

Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom

Towards the Idea of Molecular Brains

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