Overwintering Habitats of the Boll Weevil
1
in the Rolling Plains of Texas
23

Bottrell, Dale G.; White, John R.; Moody, D. S.; Hardee, D. D.

doi:10.1093/ee/1.5.633

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The dispersal of A. pomorum towards suitable hibernation sites is similar to the behaviour observed in other curculionid species, such as Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Lafleur et al, 1987) and Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Bottrell et al, 1972), but the mechanisms underlying this directional dispersal for selection of hibernation sites in these curculionids remains unclear. Olfactory cues from microhabitats may play a role in the search of hibernation sites as demonstrated for C. nenuphar, although the weevils do not show a consistent response to such cues (Lafleur et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Selection of hibernation sites by Anthonomus pomorum: preferences and ecological consequences

Toepfer

Dorn

2000

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), has a long period of aestivo‐hibernation in the adult stage lasting from summer to early spring of the following year. Potential hibernation sites within an apple orchard consist of high‐stem rough‐bark trees or dwarf smooth‐bark trees. Field release‐recapture experiments in 2 consecutive years showed that 64 and 47% of the weevils remained in the vicinity of the release sites in an area of high‐stem trees and dwarf trees, respectively. The dispersing weevils moved over an average distance of 5.5 m in the dwarf tree area, as compared to 3.8 m in the high‐stem tree area. The prevalent direction of dispersal was along tree rows in both areas. Some weevils displayed, after release in mid‐July, a directional dispersal to the adjacent forests. Others, released in the dwarf tree area, dispersed towards the area of high‐stem rough‐bark apple trees. Experiments simulating various hibernation sites demonstrated that the litter of dry leaves was the most preferred overwintering shelter, yielding a relatively high survival rate. Branches with rough bark ranked second, while branches with smooth bark, grass and pure soil were not favourable for overwintering. Flight tendency in newly emerged weevils of summer generation was significantly higher in June/July than in August/September. This corresponds to the dispersal behaviour in the field. The timing of spring colonisation of apple trees was similar for weevils overwintering within the orchard and for those from outside. These results suggest that modern, dwarf apple orchards offer unfavourable conditions for overwintering, but that the relatively small proportion of weevils which manage to reach the adjacent forests find optimal hibernation sites there.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Selection of hibernation sites by Anthonomus pomorum: preferences and ecological consequences

Toepfer

Dorn

2000

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Hardwood litter was more conducive to overwintering success than conifer litter. Similarly, the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) successfully overwintered in hardwood litter but not in conifer litter (Bottrell et al, 1972;Slosser and Boring, 1980). Shelterbelts contribute to improved soil moisture relationships within the crop field protected by the shelterbelt in two ways: (1) reductions in wind speed reduce evaporation from the soil surface, leaving more water for crop development and (2) low-density field shelterbelts create a broad zone of increased snow deposition across the field on the leeward side of a shelterbelt, leading to an increase in available soil moisture (Kort, 1988;Scholten, 1988).…”

Section: Functional Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Development and function of Shelterbelts in Temperate North America

Mize

Brandle

Schoeneberger

et al. 2008

Advances in Agroforestry

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As the world's population continues to expand, the pressure on farmland, both from expansion of urban areas (United Nations, 2002) and from a need to produce more food and fiber (Hewitt and Smith, 1995; Gardner, 1996), will increase. In direct competition with the increasing demand for more food and fiber is a growing public desire for conservation of natural systems and a focus on quality of life issues (

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“…When cotton plants are fruiting, however, boll weevils occur in substantially lower numbers in grandlure-baited traps than during harvest-related activities, such as defoliation, harvest, shredding, and stalkpulling or tillage, which disrupt the pestÕs preferred habitat and remove the food source (Parajulee andSlosser 2001, Showler 2003). In temperate areas, where boll weevils enter a state of diapause because of low temperatures and possibly lack of food resources (Brazzel andNewsom 1959, Rummel andSummy 1997), several overwintering habitats have been identiÞed, including deciduous leaf litter, pine straw, other ground cover, and various grasses (Bondy and Rainwater 1942, Beckham 1957, Cowan et al 1963, Bottrell et al 1972, Brown and Phillips 1989, Carroll et al 1993.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Range Dispersal and Overwintering Habitats of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) During and After Harvest in the Subtropics

Showler

2006

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Field experiments in the subtropical Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas were conducted to determine the extent of adult boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), dispersal from cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., fields during harvest operations and the noncotton-growing ("overwinter") period between 1 September and 1 February. Using unbaited large capacity boll weevil traps placed at intervals extending outward from commercial field edges, boll weevils did not move in substantial numbers during harvest much beyond 30 m, primarily in the direction of prevailing winds. From traps placed in fallow cotton; citrus; lake edge; pasture; treeline; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, and sugarcane, Saccharum spp., habitats during the overwinter period, the most boll weevils were collected in the fallow cotton fields and adjacent treelines during the fall. However, the greatest abundances of boll weevils were found in citrus orchards in the spring, before newly planted cotton fields began to square. One of the three lake edges also harbored substantial populations in the spring. Egg development in females was not detected between November and April, but in cotton fields most females were gravid between May and August when cotton fruiting bodies were available. Mated females, as determined by discoloration of the spermatheca, made up 80-100% of the female population during November and December but declined to approximately 50% in February. The lower incidence of mating indicates a reduction in physical activity, regardless of overwinter habitat, until percentages increased in March and April after cotton fields had been planted and squares were forming.

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Overwintering Habitats of the Boll Weevil 1 in the Rolling Plains of Texas 23

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Selection of hibernation sites by Anthonomus pomorum: preferences and ecological consequences

Selection of hibernation sites by Anthonomus pomorum: preferences and ecological consequences

Ecological Development and function of Shelterbelts in Temperate North America

Short-Range Dispersal and Overwintering Habitats of Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) During and After Harvest in the Subtropics

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