1994
DOI: 10.1139/f94-282
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Overwintering of Adult Northern Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) in Cold Inshore Waters as Evidenced by Plasma Antifreeze Glycoprotein Levels

Abstract: Adult Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are known to produce antifreeze glycoproteins in response to cold temperatures. Our laboratory studies demonstrated that blood plasma levels in adult cod were positively correlated with the number of days they spent in subzero water. Between April 1991 and June 1993, we monitored concentrations of antifreeze glycoproteins in the plasma of late juvenile and adult cod in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, and used the results to estimate how long cod had been exposed to low water temper… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…4). Such values are attained after >75 days of <0 C exposure and remain high as long as the fish stay in sub-zero water (Goddard et al, 1994). Antifreeze is lost from the blood plasma at a rate proportional to the temperature of the fish-the biological half-life of antifreeze in cod being 15·6 5 days at 5 C, 37·3 2·9 days at 1 C and >100 days at <0 C (Fletcher et al, 1987).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…4). Such values are attained after >75 days of <0 C exposure and remain high as long as the fish stay in sub-zero water (Goddard et al, 1994). Antifreeze is lost from the blood plasma at a rate proportional to the temperature of the fish-the biological half-life of antifreeze in cod being 15·6 5 days at 5 C, 37·3 2·9 days at 1 C and >100 days at <0 C (Fletcher et al, 1987).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Each sample was placed immediately into a Vacutainer (Becton Dickinson) containing sodium heparin and held on ice until it could be centrifuged later in the day, when the plasma samples were removed from the blood cells, placed in 1·5-ml Eppendorf tubes and stored at 20 C. Samples were later analysed for antifreeze activity by measuring thermal hysteresis (TH, the difference between the sample melting and freezing points). TH is directly proportional to the concentration of antifreeze present in the plasma (Kao et al, 1986) and in northern Atlantic cod can be used as a physiological time tag to estimate the period that an individual fish has been resident in sub-zero degree water (Goddard et al, 1994).…”
Section: Antifreeze Glycoprotein Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The experiment was carried out in Trinity Bay as this local population of northern cod had been previously studied, specifically with regard to year-round residency in the bay (Goddard et al 1994;Wroblewski et al 1996) and local spawning (Smedbol and Wroblewski 1997;Smedbol et al 1998). The experiment used fish trapped in the Random Island region of western Trinity Bay (Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Over the next 3 weeks, seawater temperatures in the pen warmed 2-5°C. By holding farmed cod in net pens in the spring thermocline, their spawning window was advanced (Kjesbu 1994) relative to that of wild cod, which reside in deeper, subzero-temperature waters in the bay (Goddard et al 1994;Smedbol and Wroblewski 1997).…”
Section: Reproduction By Multiyear-farmed Codmentioning
confidence: 99%