Ovicidal effect of the methanolic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Fasciola hepatica eggs: an in vitro study

Abstract

Fasciolosis is of considerable economic and public health importance worldwide. Little information is available on the ovicidal effects of anthelminthic drugs. The use of ovicidal anthelmintics can be effective in disease control. In this study, the effectiveness of the methanolic extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on the eggs of Fasciola hepatica is investigated. Fasciola hepatica eggs were obtained from the gall bladders of naturally infected sheep and kept at 4 °C until use. The eggs were exposed to varying concentrations of ginger extract (1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/mL) for 24, 48 and 72 h. To investigate the effect of the ginger extracts on the miracidial formation, the treated eggs were incubated at 28 °C for 14 days. The results indicated that F. hepatica eggs are susceptible to the methanolic extract of Z. officinale. The ovicidal effect of ginger extract at a concentration of 1 mg/mL with 24, 48 and 72 h treatment time was 46.08, 51.53 and 69.09 % respectively (compared with 22.70 % for control group). The ovicidal effect of ginger extract at a concentration of 5 mg/mL after 24 h was 98.84 %. One hundred percent ovicidal efficacy was obtained through application of ginger extract at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/mL with a 48 and 24 h treatment time respectively. The in vitro ovicidal effect of the methanolic extract of Z. officinale was satisfactory in this study, however, in vivo efficacy of this extract, remains for further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the ovicidal effect of Z. officinale against F. hepatica eggs.

In vitro ovicidal activity of Peganum harmala seeds extract on the eggs of Fasciola hepatica

“…However, with 3 mg/mL concentration of the extract, the above values reduced to 2.2 and 0.0 % respectively. Our recent study on ginger ovicidal activity revealed that a concentration of 1 mg/mL, after 24 and 48 h of exposure, reduced the miracidial formation rate of F. hepatica eggs to 52.28 and 47.82 % respectively (compared with 68.95 % for the control group) (Moazeni and Khademolhoseini 2016). When ginger extract was used at concentrations of 5 mg/mL, the mentioned values reduced to 1.16 and 0.0 % respectively.…”

Inhibitory activities of ethanolic extracts of two macrofungi against eggs and miracidia of Fasciola spp.

“…However, studies on ovicidal and miracicidal effects of medicinal plants abound. Some of the plants which have been directed against eggs of Fasciola included Nigella sativa [ 26 ], Zingiber officinale [ 19 ], Momordica charantia [ 27 ], and Moringa oleifera [ 28 ]. While many of the aforementioned studies did not consider the mechanisms of ovicidal activities of plant products, the butanol subfraction of Momordica charantia was shown to prevent hatching of miracidia through inhibition of blastogenesis [ 27 ].…”

“…A small quantity (0.5 ml) of the egg suspension was transferred into a glass beaker wrapped with aluminum foil and incubated in a dark cupboard for 14 days at room temperature (26-28 o C) for embryonation. The remaining eggs contained in the suspension were transferred to a clean container wrapped with aluminum foil and stored in the refrigerator at 4 o C for future use [ 19 ].…”

“…One hundred milligrams (100 mg) of each semisolid extract was weighed and dissolved in 5 ml of 5% DMSO in distilled water to give a stock solution of 20 mg/ml. From the stock solution, final concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/ml were prepared using the simple dilution procedure [ 19 ].…”

In Vitro Antihelminthic Activity of Ethanol Zingiber Officinale Extract on Fasciola Gigantica in Comparison to Triclabendazole

“…(El-Sayed and El-Saka, 2015). Besides, Moazeni and Khademolhoseini (2016) showed that F. hepatica eggs were susceptible to methanolic extract of ginger with ovicidal effect of 100% after 24 and 48 hours at concentrations of 10 and 5mg/ml, respectively.…”