Oxidation by-products and ecotoxicity assessment during the photodegradation of fenofibric acid in aqueous solution with UV and UV/H2O2

Santiago, Javier; Agüera, Ana; Gómez-Ramos, María del Mar; Alba, Amadeo R. Fernández; García‐Calvo, Eloy; Rosal, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.075

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…All regents were used as received without any further purification. Pristine and N, S-TiO 2 /TiO 2 NTs photoelectrodes have been fabricated according to our previous study [30]. Milli-Q water was always used throughout this experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by N, S–TiO2/TiO2 NTs photoelectrode: performance and mechanism study

Cheng

Wang

Liu

2015

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by N, S–TiO2/TiO2 NTs photoelectrode: performance and mechanism study

Cheng

Wang

Liu

2015

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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“…Standardized toxicity tests can provide quantitative information on the toxicity of the TP, compared to its parent compound, but these studies are limited [5][6][7]. In general, TPs are less toxic and more polar than the parent compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

Bletsou

Jeon

Hollender

et al. 2015

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

300

184

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A B S T R A C TIdentification of transformation products (TPs) of emerging pollutants is challenging, due to the vast number of compounds, mostly unknown, the complexity of the matrices and their often low concentrations, requiring highly selective, highly sensitive techniques. We compile background information on biotic and abiotic formation of TPs and analytical developments over the past five years. We present a database of biotic or abiotic TPs compiled from those identified in recent years. We discuss mass spectrometric (MS) techniques and workflows for target, suspect and non-target screening of TPs with emphasis on liquid chromatography coupled to MS (LC-MS). Both low-and high-resolution (HR) mass analyzers have been applied, but HR-MS is the technique of choice, due to its high confirmatory capabilities, derived from the high resolving power and the mass accuracy in MS and MS/MS modes, and the sophisticated software developed.

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“…Zeinab A. Elsherif et al [34] have published HPLC, thinlayer chromatography (TLC), and fluorimetric methods for quantitation of gemfibrozil and Fenofibrate in drug substance and drug products without interference from excipients and degradation products. Photodegradation of fenofibric acid in aqueous medium is reported [35]. A paper reported by Brian A. Dawson et al describes use of HPLC and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for determining the purity of the Fenofibrate raw material along with the related substances present in it [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC—MS/MS Studies for the Identification and Characterization of Degradation Products of Fenofibrate and Their Degradation Pathways

Mulgund¹,

Anbazhegan²,

Gabhe³

2016

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. In the present study, the degradation behavior of Fenofibrate under different International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) suggested conditions was studied. Characterization of degradation products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) studies in solution form was done, and the possible mechanism for the formation of degradants is discussed. Fenofibrate was subjected to different hydrolytic stress conditions and thermal stress condition (in solid form). Successful separation of drug from degradants was achieved on a C 18 column using water-acetonitrile (25:75 v/v) as the mobile phase. Other high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) parameters were: flow rate, 1 mL min −1 ; detection wavelength, 286 nm; column temperature, 25 °C; and injection volume, 20 μL. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and specificity and was stability-indicating one, based on the specificity studies. The drug degraded under acidic, basic, and oxidative hydrolytic stress while it was relatively stable towards neutral hydrolysis and thermal stress. The stressed samples were subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis. On the basis of spectral data, the structures of four degradation products and one interaction product were suggested. Degradation products were characterized to be isopropyl acetate, 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-methyl propanoic acid, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, and benzoic acid. The structure of one interaction product was proposed as methyl 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropanoate.

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Oxidation by-products and ecotoxicity assessment during the photodegradation of fenofibric acid in aqueous solution with UV and UV/H2O2

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by N, S–TiO2/TiO2 NTs photoelectrode: performance and mechanism study

Visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by N, S–TiO2/TiO2 NTs photoelectrode: performance and mechanism study

Targeted and non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric workflows for identification of transformation products of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment

LC—MS/MS Studies for the Identification and Characterization of Degradation Products of Fenofibrate and Their Degradation Pathways

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