Oxidation Kinetics of North Sea Light Crude Oils at Reservoir Temperature

Ren, Shaoran; Gréaves, M.; Rathbone, R.R.

doi:10.1205/026387699526368

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The thermal effect may reduce oil viscosity and promote evaporation of light oil components, but it is not essential for light oil reservoirs. [7][8][9] In this study, the feasibility of using the air and air foam injection techniques in a light oil reservoir with medium to high permeability has been assessed, and a field pilot has been implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Foam Injection for IOR: from Laboratory to Field Implementation in ZhongYuan Oilfield China

Hui

Yang

et al. 2008

SPE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery

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The Hu-12 Block, located in ZhongYuan Oilfield, Henan Province China, contains many small but highly heterogeneous oil reservoirs, with low permeability oil bearing formations and high permeability mixed (oil/water) layers. The reservoir temperature is 90 o C, and the original reservoir pressure of nearly 25 MPa, and with high salinity of formation water (around 200,000 mg/l). After 20 years of water injection, the recovery factor achieved was only 20-25%, and average water cut has reached to over 95%. N 2 gas injection has been tried with less success due to early gas breakthrough from high permeability zones. Since 2006, high pressure air foam and air injection (Air Foam Alternative Air Injection, AFAAI) has been proposed and implemented in one of the reservoirs, in order to block high permeability water zones and increase the sweeping efficiency of air and water injection. A series of laboratory experiments have been conducted to study the oxidation kinetics of air/air foam with oil and the blocking and displacement efficiency of air foams in different oil sands. Reservoir simulation has also been carried out for predicting the reservoir response to air foam injection and optimizing the injection process. Air foam and air injection was started in the field since May 2007 in a well group with 1 injector and 4 producers, using a small high pressure air compressor (40 MPa, 7 m 3 /min air rate). Up to now, 460,000 Nm 3 air and 2920 m 3 foam surfactant solution have been injected into the reservoir. The field results show that no oxygen/N 2 breakthrough was observed and a significant increase in oil production with water cut reduced by 4%. The detailed laboratory study and field experience are presented in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Foam Injection for IOR: from Laboratory to Field Implementation in ZhongYuan Oilfield China

Hui

Yang

et al. 2008

SPE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery

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“…The results of analysis of the gas composition are given in [9]. However, the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide produced in our experiments was only 1.5-3 MPa.…”

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confidence: 78%

“…In [9,10], LTO of North Sea crude oil was studied in a small autoclave under isothermal conditions. It was shown that the rate of LTO does not depend on the total pressure or the partial pressure of oxygen when the oil is present in excess.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [9,15], as a result of conducting experiments in small autoclaves, it was established that the reaction rate is almost independent of the oxygen partial pressure when the oil is present in excess, and so the parameter m is assumed to be equal to zero. It has also been found that when there is no mass transfer limitation, the oxidation reaction of the oil is first order with respect to the oil concentration, i.e., n = 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Simulation Modeling and Kinetics for Low-Temperature Oxidation of Light Crude Oil

Dong

Liu

Pang

2013

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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Air injection into water-flooded light oil reservoirs has been found to be a potential technique for improving oil recovery. We have used physical simulation to study the low-temperature oxidation (LTO) behavior of different light crude oils. The amount of oxygen consumed in the reaction decreases as the oil content in the oil-bearing rock decreases. We have found that the aromatic hydrocarbon content in the oil has a significant effect on the oxidation rate. The Arrhenius equation for calculating the kinetic parameters of the reaction is refined, taking into account the aromatic hydrocarbon content in the oil.

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“…The ISC (in situ combustion) technique is an effective method to enhance heavy oil recovery mainly through steam flooding and viscosity reduction as a result of heat generated by high temperature oxidation (HTO) reaction at high pressure [3][4] . For light oil reservoirs, the low temperature oxidation (LTO) reaction mainly occurs during air injection process which is more like N2 injection but with an additional thermal effect [5][6][7] . Field tests have being conducted in a few light oil reservoirs in china recent years, including Zhongyuan oilfield, Baise oilfield, Shanshan oilfield, and Changqing oilfield [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics and Its Effect on the Critical Coking Temperature of Heavy Oils

et al. 2015

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Air assisted steam stimulation (huff and puff) is an innovative process for enhanced heavy oil recovery. In this paper, the low temperature oxidation (LTO) and coking experiments were conducted to reveal the LTO characteristics of heavy oils and its effect on the oil critical coking temperature. The O2 consuming ability and oxidation activity of different oils, in a temperature range of 80-170 o C, were analyzed, including typical light and heavy oil samples. The experimental results show that heavy oils have a higher oxidation activity at low temperature than that of light oils. Heavy oils can effectively consume O2 in the injected air and produce a certain amount of CO2 under reservoir conditions. In terms of the difference in LTO characteristics of different oils, a more general LTO reaction kinetics model of crude oils in reservoir was established. A parameter, Rdec (ratio of hydrocarbon oxides participating in decarbonylation to total hydrocarbon oxides produced from oxidation), is introduced to indicate the O2-to-CO2 conversion features of different oils during LTO process. The Rdec, Ea and ko of heavy oils are usually lower than those of light oils, which can well reflect the LTO characteristics of heavy oils and demonstrate that heavy oils are more easily oxidized at low temperature. However, due to more heavy oil components generated during LTO process, the critical coking temperature of heavy oils exposed to air environment will decrease (by 120 o C from 400 o C to 280 o C for super heavy oil). It should be noted that the effect of LTO process on critical coking temperature is different for different heavy oils, and the induced coking risks are also different in different heavy oil reservoirs, which need further studies in lab and field.

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Oxidation Kinetics of North Sea Light Crude Oils at Reservoir Temperature

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Air Foam Injection for IOR: from Laboratory to Field Implementation in ZhongYuan Oilfield China

Air Foam Injection for IOR: from Laboratory to Field Implementation in ZhongYuan Oilfield China

Simulation Modeling and Kinetics for Low-Temperature Oxidation of Light Crude Oil

Low-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics and Its Effect on the Critical Coking Temperature of Heavy Oils

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