Zwitterionization
has emerged as a highly efficient strategy to
diminish protein adsorption on separation membranes, and there is
a strong need to develop new zwitterionic polymers for the preparation
of nonfouling membranes. Herein, by the in situ formation of newly
discovered trimethylamine N-oxide-derived zwitterionic
polymers (PTMAO) on the surface of nanoporous block copolymers, we
obtain ultrafiltration membranes exhibiting superior fouling resistance.
Nanoporous membranes of (2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene (PDMAEMA-b-PS) are prepared
by selective swelling-induced pore generation, which are subsequently
soaked in H2O2 to oxidize the tertiary amine
groups of PDMAEMA to form zwitterionic trimethylamine N-oxides. This oxidation takes place fast, and >70% conversion
is
achieved within 30 min. The thus-zwitterionized membranes exhibit
strongly enhanced hydrophilicity and flexibly tunable permselectivity.
Importantly, the membranes showed ultralow protein adsorption and
exceptional fouling resistance, outperforming other membranes. This
work demonstrates the high efficiency of PTMAO zwitterionization in
mitigating membrane fouling and provides a new approach to prepare
fouling-resistant membranes.