Oxidative Catalytic Coupling Reactions: Selective Formation of CC and CX Bonds Using Radical Processes

Abstract

Radicals can do it! Oxidative coupling processes that proceed by a single‐electron‐transfer mechanism have been established. Recently developed methods demonstrate the ability of non‐precious‐metal catalysts to act as efficient catalysts for such transformations. This concept provides a sustainable approach for the construction of CC and CX bonds.

Direct oxidative C(sp3)─H/C(sp2)─H coupling reaction using recyclable Sr‐doped LaCoO3 perovskite catalyst

“…In addition, MS analysis indicated the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yloxy) piperidine as an intermediate in the reaction mixture (Scheme 2a). On the basis of all these results and previous reports, [8,[43][44][45][46][47] a reaction pathway is proposed as described in Scheme 2b. Initially, tert-butoxy radical would be formed through the cleavage of DTBP with the assistance of the perovskite catalyst.…”

Nickel, Cobalt and Palladium Catalysed C−H Functionalization of Un‐Activated C(sp3)−H Bond

“…You et al . also explained plausible mechanism where initially tert‐butoxy radical is generated from DTBP with the help of the low‐valent Ni 2p species associated with the formation of high‐valent Ni 3p species . Eventually, 2‐picolinamido α‐amino acid ester ( A ) coordinates with the high valent Ni (III) catalyst to yield IM1 intermediate ( B ).…”

Iron(III)‐Catalyzed C–H Functionalization: ortho‐Benzoyloxylation of N,N‐Dialkylanilines and Its Application to 1,4‐Benzoxazepines

“…has garnered attention in recent years because it can lead to molecules that are of great interest in biological, pharmaceutical, and material science. [2] Nontoxic, environmentally benign and non-precious-metal [3] catalyzed C-H functionalizations are less expensive and are very attractive in sustainable technologies. [4] On the other hand, the use of aryl carboxylates as alternative electrophilic partners in the chemistry of palladiumfree cross-couplings, has progressed enormously in recent times.…”