Oxidative desulfurization of synthetic diesel using supported catalysts

Microporous titania–silica nanocomposite catalyst-adsorbent for ultra-deep oxidative desulfurization

“…composites are active and selective heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of sulfur compounds [11,[13][14][15]18,[28][29][30][31]. Chica for a real diesel fuel desulfurization showed an approximately 99% decrease in the initial amount of sulfur [32].…”

Ruthenium catalyzed selective oxidation of aryl thiophenes using hydrogen peroxide

“…In homogeneous reactions, this fact has been attributed to the steric hindrance around the sulfur atom, which is probably blocking the coordination of this one to the metal precursor during the catalytic cycle of HDS. A valid alternative for its removal is indeed ODS, as reported by many authors so far [7][8][9][10]16].…”

“…Hydrogen peroxide was found to be the most suitable stoichiometric oxidant, although t-BuOOH was also used to oxidise DBT in the presence of Mo catalysts supported on Al 2 O 3 (16%) [7]. H 2 O 2 was used Scheme 1. together with organic acids to generate peroxoacids [4,8,9], Na 2 WO 4 /C 6 H 5 PO 3 H 2 /Me(n-octyl) 3 NHSO 4 [10], Mo(VI) and W(VI) catalysts [11], methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) [12,13], polyoxometalates [8], tungstophosphoric acid [14,15], TiO 2 -supported V 2 O 5 [16], Pd, Cr 2 O 3 , Mn oxides, Co-Mo/Al 2 O 3 [17], TS-1, Ti-beta, Ti-HMS [18]. Solid bases such as hydrotalcites and MgLa mixed oxides as catalysts and nitriles or methanol as solvents were also used to oxidise DBT to DBTSO 2 ; the efficiency of the process was hampered by the basecatalyzed H 2 O 2 unselective decomposition, thus requiring an excess of oxidant [19].…”

Conventional and Upcoming Sulfur‐Cleaning Technologies for Petroleum Fuel: A Review

“…The oxidation efficiency of H 2 O 2 /organic acid can be further increased to achieve an efficient desulfurization procedure. The following catalysts have been tested to improve the oxidation process: phosphotungstic acid, K 2 FeO 4 , Na 2 WO 4 , Mo/Al 2 O 3 , andV 2 O 5 . The oxidation efficiency of H 2 O 2 was improved by using phosphotungstic acid/alumina to eliminate DBT and its derivatives from diesel in 1.0 h .…”