Oxidative Role of HIV/AIDS: Antiretroviral Drugs and Medicinal Plants with Anti-HIV Activity

Tabe, Franklin Nyenty

doi:10.11648/j.jdmp.20150105.11

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When these lipid aldehydes bind to these free proteins, it interferes with the regulated ETC, leading to the formation of superoxide anion which will dismutate to hydrogen peroxide inducing the production of yet more electrophilic lipid aldehydes that again target the ETC and so the cycle continues (Aitken et al 2013). Thereby altering the morphology of the neuronal membranes, as well as disrupting metabolism leading to impaired synapses and ultimately -cell death (Tabe et al 2015). Moreover, the decreased antioxidant enzymes in the cerebellum of animals treated with cART is an anecdotal evidence of an imbalance in the redox equilibrium resulting in oxidative stress (Colado Simao et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Perturbations of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (CART): Can Bioflavonoids Help?

Oremosu,

Akang,

Dosumu

et al. 2018

Nig J Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Long term usage of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) has been associated with neurological disorders as a result of varying toxicities. This study was therefore designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of selected flavonoids (Naringenin and Quercetin) on cART-induced cerebellar disorders. Seventy Wistar rats were divided into seven groups as control, Naringenin (50 mg/kg), Quercetin (50 mg/kg), 24 mg/kg cART (Efavirenz + Lamivudine + Tenofovir regimen), 24 mg/kg cART + 50 mg/kg Naringenin, 24 mg/kg cART + 50 mg/kg Quercetin and 1% v/v dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) groups. The animals were euthanized on the 57th day, processed for oxidative stress markers, and basic histology. Results showed that the Purkinje cells were very distinct in groups that received cART with Naringenin, and cART with Quercetin, whereas the animals that received cART alone showed neurodegenerative changes in the Purkinje cells. Likewise, the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly (p < 0.0001) in animals that received cART alone compared to control. There was also a concomitant significant decrease in the superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05), and catalase (p < 0.05) in cART treated group compared to control. Animals that received both cART and bioflavonoids had marked increase in antioxidant enzymes and decrease in MDA levels compared to cART treated group. Results of this study demonstrate that Naringenin and Quercetin have therapeutic benefits by potentiating the activities of antioxidant enzymes which prevents the onset/deleterious impact of reactive oxygen species on the cerebellum of the Wistar rat.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Perturbations of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (CART): Can Bioflavonoids Help?

Oremosu,

Akang,

Dosumu

et al. 2018

Nig J Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Antiretroviral Therapy and Alcohol Interactions: X-raying Testicular and Seminal Parameters Under the HAART Era

Ogedengbe

Naidu

Azu

2017

Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of alcohol use among HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral (ARV) treatments has raised several concerns related to key therapeutic indices. These include drug interactions, compliance, efficacy and toxicity with the possibility of accelerated disease progression. Interaction of ARVs with alcohol can result in therapeutic failures or place patients at significant risk for toxicities. Research findings in this particular area are, however, limited and sometimes conflicting. This review focuses on alcohol and ARV interactions affecting testicular and spermatogenic indices. Antiretroviral drugs are known to negatively impact testicular functions via altered mitochondrial DNA and oxidative stress mechanisms. Interaction with alcohol can significantly affect seminal fluid concentration of ARVs. Habitual consumption of alcohol causes testicular hypofunction with potential for lowered fertility. Concomitant use of ARVs appears to act synergistically to exacerbate this toxicity. Alcohol also induces cytochrome P450 (CYPs) microsomal enzymes, which in turn affect ARVs metabolized by these enzymes. In the presence of ARVs with strong inhibitory activity, increased bioavailability with toxicities predominates. In addition, alcohol and ARVs have pronounced effects on membrane-associated drug transporters. Alcohol alters the properties of the lipid bilayer by changing membrane permeability and protein distribution. Since drug transporters critical to pharmacokinetics are integral membrane proteins, alcohol tends to diminish the activity of both the efflux and influx transporters. While excessive alcohol precipitates accelerated hypogonadism, future research needs to be directed to quantifying these effects of alcohol and ARVs in human testicular tissue.

show abstract

Antiviral and ROS scavenging potential of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract against HIV-1 infection

Jadaun

Shah

Harshithkumar

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antiretroviral therapy is the only treatment option for HIV-infected patients; however, it has certain drawbacks in terms of developing multiple toxic side effects. Thus, there is a continuous need to explore safe and efficacious anti-retroviral agents. Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava are known for their various biological activities. In this study, we characterized the bioactive fractions of methanolic leaves extract from both plants using the High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI–MS) technique, followed by the investigation of their potential as anti-HIV-1 and antioxidant agents through in vitro mechanistic assays. The anti-HIV-1 activity was examined in TZM-bl cells through luciferase gene assay against two different clades of HIV-1 strains, whereas the intracellular ROS generation was analyzed by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. Additionally, the mechanisms of action of these phyto-extracts were determined through the Time-of-addition assay. The characterization of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract through HR-ESI–MS fragmentation showed high enrichment of various alkaloids, glycosides, lipids, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and fatty acids like bioactive constituents. Both the phyto-extracts were found to be less toxic and exhibited potent antiviral activity against HIV-1 strains. Furthermore, the phyto-extracts also showed a decreased intracellular ROS in HIV-1 infected cells due to their high antioxidant potential. Overall, our study suggests the anti-HIV-1 potential of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract due to the synergistic action of multiple bioactive constituents.

show abstract

Oxidative Role of HIV/AIDS: Antiretroviral Drugs and Medicinal Plants with Anti-HIV Activity

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Cerebellar Perturbations of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (CART): Can Bioflavonoids Help?

Cerebellar Perturbations of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (CART): Can Bioflavonoids Help?

Antiretroviral Therapy and Alcohol Interactions: X-raying Testicular and Seminal Parameters Under the HAART Era

Antiviral and ROS scavenging potential of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract against HIV-1 infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About